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急诊医学中的放射安全:权衡利弊与风险。

Radiation Safety in Emergency Medicine: Balancing the Benefits and Risks.

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Imaging, University Malaya Research Imaging Centre (UMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

出版信息

Korean J Radiol. 2019 Mar;20(3):399-404. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2018.0416.

DOI:10.3348/kjr.2018.0416
PMID:30799570
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6389812/
Abstract

The use of computed tomography (CT) in emergency departments has increased over several decades, as physicians increasingly depend on imaging for diagnoses. Patients and medical personnel are put at risk due to frequent exposure to and higher levels of radiation, with very little evidence of improvements in outcomes. Here, we explore why CT imaging has a tendency to be overused in emergency departments and the obstacles that medical personnel face in ensuring patient safety. The solution requires cooperation from all emergency care stakeholders as well as the continuous education of doctors on how CT scans help in particular cases.

摘要

几十年来,由于医生越来越依赖影像学诊断,急诊部门中计算机断层扫描(CT)的使用量不断增加。由于频繁接触和更高水平的辐射,患者和医务人员面临风险,而在改善结果方面几乎没有证据。在这里,我们探讨为什么 CT 成像在急诊部门中倾向于过度使用,以及医务人员在确保患者安全方面面临的障碍。解决方案需要所有急诊护理利益相关者的合作,以及对医生进行有关 CT 扫描在特定情况下如何提供帮助的持续教育。

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本文引用的文献

1
Factors associated with imaging overuse in the emergency department: A systematic review.与急诊过度影像学检查相关的因素:系统综述。
Am J Emerg Med. 2018 Feb;36(2):301-309. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.10.049. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
2
2017 Update on Medical Overuse: A Systematic Review.2017 年医疗过度诊治的更新:系统综述。
JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Jan 1;178(1):110-115. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.4361.
3
Changes in Emergency Department Imaging: Perspectives From National Patient Surveys Over Two Decades.急诊科影像学的变化:二十多年来全国患者调查的观点。
J Am Coll Radiol. 2017 Oct;14(10):1282-1290. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2017.03.004. Epub 2017 May 5.
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Trends of CT utilisation in an emergency department in Taiwan: a 5-year retrospective study.台湾某急诊科CT使用趋势:一项5年回顾性研究。
BMJ Open. 2016 Jun 8;6(6):e010973. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010973.
5
Systematic unenhanced CT for acute abdominal symptoms in the elderly patients improves both emergency department diagnosis and prompt clinical management.对于老年患者的急性腹痛症状,进行系统的非增强 CT 检查可改善急诊科的诊断,并能及时进行临床管理。
Eur Radiol. 2017 Feb;27(2):868-877. doi: 10.1007/s00330-016-4425-0. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
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Ionizing Radiation Knowledge Among Emergency Department Providers.急诊科医护人员的电离辐射知识
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