Devine Bailey, Carp Charlotte L, Hiett Kiley A, Petursdottir Anna Ingeborg
1Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Box 298920, Fort Worth, TX 76129 USA.
2Present Address: McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA USA.
Anal Verbal Behav. 2016 Sep 22;32(2):154-170. doi: 10.1007/s40616-016-0062-6. eCollection 2016 Oct.
Effective intraverbal responding often requires control by multiple elements of a verbal stimulus. The purpose of this study was to examine the emergence of such intraverbal relations following tact instruction with compound stimuli and to analyze any resulting error patterns. Participants were seven typically developing children between 3 and 5 years of age. After being taught to tact four overlapping compound stimuli that differed along color and shape dimensions, participants were tested for emergent intraverbal responding. Three participants performed with high accuracy and four with intermediate accuracy when correct intraverbal responding required control by multiple elements (i.e., color names and shape names) of the verbal stimulus. Five participants performed with high accuracy when intraverbal responding required control by only a single stimulus element, and all participants showed emergence of reverse intraverbal relations when the response required naming only a single stimulus element (i.e., color or shape). There was an insufficient number of errors to perform detailed error analyses at the individual level, but overall, the first element of a verbal stimulus was more likely to exert control over the response than the second element, and color words were more likely to exert control than shape words. Results suggest that individual stimulus elements acquired independent control over the responses that had been established as tacts.
有效的内言语反应通常需要由言语刺激的多个要素来控制。本研究的目的是考察在对复合刺激进行触觉指令后此类内言语关系的出现情况，并分析由此产生的任何错误模式。参与者是7名3至5岁的发育正常儿童。在被教导对四个在颜色和形状维度上不同的重叠复合刺激进行触觉辨别后，对参与者进行了内言语反应出现情况的测试。当正确的内言语反应需要由言语刺激的多个要素（即颜色名称和形状名称）控制时，三名参与者表现出高精度，四名参与者表现出中等精度。当内言语反应仅需由单个刺激要素控制时，五名参与者表现出高精度，并且当反应只需说出单个刺激要素（即颜色或形状）时，所有参与者都表现出反向内言语关系的出现。错误数量不足以在个体层面进行详细的错误分析，但总体而言，言语刺激的第一个要素比第二个要素更有可能对反应施加控制，并且颜色词比形状词更有可能施加控制。结果表明，各个刺激要素对已被确立为触觉辨别的反应获得了独立的控制。
