School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Waste Manag. 2019 Feb 15;85:529-537. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
Recycling lithium and graphite from spent lithium-ion battery plays a significant role in mitigation of lithium resources shortage, comprehensive utilization of spent anode graphite and environmental protection. In this study, spent graphite was firstly collected by a two-stage calcination. Secondly, under the optimal conditions of 1.5 M HCI, 60 min and solid-liquid ratio (S/L) of 100 g·L, the collected graphite suffers simple acid leaching to make almost 100% lithium, copper and aluminum in it into leach liquor. Thirdly, 99.9% aluminum and 99.9% copper were removed from leach liquor by adjusting pH first to 7 and then to 9, and thenthe lithium was recovered by adding sodium carbonate in leach liquor to form lithium carbonate with high purity (>99%). The regenerated graphite is found to have high initial specific capacity at the rate of 37.2 mA·g (591 mAh·g), 74.4 mA·g (510 mAh·g) and 186 mA·g (335 mAh·g), and with the high retention ratio of 97.9% after 100 cycles, it also displays excellent cycle performance at high rate of 372 mA·g. By this process, copper and lithium can be recovered and graphite can be regenerated, serving as a sustainable approach for the comprehensive utilization of anode material from spent lithium-ion battery.
从废旧锂离子电池中回收锂和石墨对于缓解锂资源短缺、综合利用废旧石墨阳极和环境保护具有重要意义。在本研究中，首先通过两段式煅烧收集废旧石墨。其次，在最佳条件下（1.5 M HCI，60 min，固液比（S/L）为 100 g·L），收集的石墨进行简单的酸浸，使其中的几乎 100%的锂、铜和铝进入浸出液。然后，通过先将浸出液的 pH 值调节至 7，然后调节至 9，去除浸出液中的 99.9%的铝和 99.9%的铜，然后向浸出液中加入碳酸钠，形成高纯度（>99%）的碳酸锂。再生石墨的初始比容量高达 37.2 mA·g（591 mAh·g）、74.4 mA·g（510 mAh·g）和 186 mA·g（335 mAh·g），在 100 次循环后保留率高达 97.9%，在高倍率 372 mA·g 下也显示出优异的循环性能。通过该工艺，可以回收铜和锂，再生石墨，为废旧锂离子电池阳极材料的综合利用提供了一种可持续的方法。
