The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research and Development Agency, Fukuura, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Mar;140:509-522. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.013. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
Soundscapes are vital to acoustically specialized animals. Using passive acoustic monitoring data, the temporal and spectral variations in the soundscape of a Chinese white dolphin hotspot were analyzed. By cluster analysis, the 1/3 octave band power spectrum can be grouped into three bands with median overall contribution rates of 35.24, 14.14 and 30.61%. Significant diel and tidal soundscape variations were observed with a generalized linear model. Temporal patterns and frequency ranges of middle frequency band sound matched well with those of fish vocalization, indicating that fish might serve as a signal source. Dolphin sounds were mainly detected in periods involving low levels of ambient sound and without fish vocalization, which could reflect noise avoidance and passive eavesdropping behaviors engaged in by the predator. Pre-construction data can be used to assess the effects of offshore windfarms on acoustic environments and aquatic animals by comparing them with the soundscape of postconstruction and/or postmitigation.
声景对声学生态学特化动物至关重要。本研究利用被动声学监测数据，分析了中华白海豚热点海域声景的时频变化。通过聚类分析，将 1/3 倍频带声能谱分为 3 个带，其总贡献中位数分别为 35.24%、14.14%和 30.61%。广义线性模型显示，该海域声景存在显著的昼夜和潮汐变化。中频带声音的时间模式和频率范围与鱼类发声相匹配，表明鱼类可能是声信号的来源。海豚声音主要出现在环境噪声水平较低且无鱼类发声的时期，这可能反映了捕食者的避噪和被动偷听行为。通过与建设后和/或缓解措施后的声景进行比较，可利用施工前数据评估海上风电场对声环境和水生动物的影响。
