Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2019 July/August;34(4):e65–e76. doi: 10.11607/jomi.7274. Epub 2019 Feb 26.
To compare implant survival, marginal bone loss, peri-implant clinical parameters, and complications in dental implants placed in the posterior maxilla in native bone or after grafting using the open sinus lift technique.
A search was made of two electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed and the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register [CENTRAL]), complemented by a manual search. The study included randomized clinical trials, non-randomized clinical trials, and observational studies such as cohort studies and case-control studies conducted on a prospective or retrospective basis and comparing the placement of standard length implants (≥ 10 mm) in native bone or after grafting using the sinus lift procedure. Risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS).
The search yielded 90 studies, of which 23 were included. Two studies were evaluated with the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, with neither being identified as presenting low risk of bias. Twenty-one studies were evaluated by the MINORS, yielding a mean score of 15.66 points out of 24. The implant survival rate in the control group was 90% to 100% versus 75.3% to 100% in the test group over a follow-up period of 6 to 120 months. Most studies revealed no statistically significant differences. In most of the publications, marginal bone loss was greater in the test group than in the control group, though without reaching statistical significance. Similar results were obtained in both groups with regard to the peri-implant clinical parameters. There were more surgical complications in the test group than in the control group-such complications being inherent to the sinus lift procedure.
Implant placement after sinus lift affords results in terms of implant survival, marginal bone loss, and peri-implant clinical parameters similar to those obtained with conventional implant placement in native bone. However, there is a greater incidence of surgical complications associated with the sinus lift procedure.
比较在天然骨或使用开放式窦提升术进行骨移植后植入物在牙槽嵴顶后区的植入物存活率、边缘骨丧失、种植体周围临床参数和并发症。
在两个电子数据库（通过 PubMed 搜索 MEDLINE 和 Cochrane 口腔健康组试验登记处[CENTRAL]）中进行了检索，并用手工检索进行了补充。研究包括随机临床试验、非随机临床试验以及前瞻性或回顾性的队列研究和病例对照研究等观察性研究，比较了标准长度植入物（≥10mm）在天然骨或使用窦提升术进行骨移植后的放置。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具和非随机研究方法学指数（MINORS）评估了偏倚风险。
检索到 90 篇研究，其中 23 篇被纳入。两项研究使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具进行了评估，均未被确定为低偏倚风险。21 项研究使用 MINORS 进行了评估，得出 24 分的平均得分为 15.66 分。在 6 至 120 个月的随访期间，对照组的种植体存活率为 90%至 100%，而实验组为 75.3%至 100%。大多数研究未显示出统计学上的显著差异。在大多数出版物中，实验组的边缘骨丧失大于对照组，但没有达到统计学意义。两组的种植体周围临床参数也有类似的结果。实验组的手术并发症多于对照组-这些并发症是窦提升术所固有的。
在窦提升术后植入物的植入物存活率、边缘骨丧失和种植体周围临床参数方面的结果与在天然骨中进行常规植入物植入物的结果相似。然而，与窦提升术相关的手术并发症发生率更高。
