Simion Massimo, Gionso Luca, Grossi Giovanni Battista, Briguglio Francesco, Fontana Filippo
private practice, Milan, Italy.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2015 Oct;17 Suppl 2:e343-51. doi: 10.1111/cid.12236. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
To retrospectively evaluate the survival rate of machined implants in sinus-lifted posterior maxilla after 12 years, with special reference to radiographic outcome and peri-implantitis.
From 37 possible candidates, 29 patients with 59 implants were evaluated. Implants were placed in the posterior maxilla in combination with a sinus elevation procedure (27 patients) or 6 months after sinus elevation (2 patients). Marginal bone level changes were radiographically evaluated at baseline and 1, 7, and 12 years post-loading. Probing depth was measured; presence/absence of plaque and bleeding on probing were recorded.
Four out of 59 implants failed in 4 out of 29 patients (cumulative survival rate = 93.2%). The mean bone loss was 0.78 mm (± 0.88) after 12 years. Changes in the mean bone level were statistically significant between baseline and all the other follow-up intervals (p < .001). Statistically significant differences could be demonstrated for the first- to 12th-year interval (p < .05) and for the seventh- to 12th-year interval (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences could be demonstrated at the first- to seventh-year interval (p = .32). The mean overall probing depth was 2.9 ± 0.66 mm. Probing depth was moderately correlated with the marginal bone changes at 7 year and after 12 year follow up (p = .05). No signs of peri-implantitis were reported during the 12-year follow-up period.
This follow-up demonstrates a very good prognosis when implants with machined surfaces are used. The frequencies of implant failures were very small. Within the limits of the results from this study, the risk of peri-implantitis in the posterior maxilla might be considered a minor problem when implants with machined surfaces are used.
回顾性评估上颌窦提升后上颌后牙区机械加工种植体12年后的生存率，特别关注影像学结果和种植体周围炎。
从37名可能的受试者中，对29名患者的59颗种植体进行评估。种植体植入上颌后牙区，同时进行上颌窦提升术（27例患者）或在上颌窦提升术后6个月植入（2例患者）。在基线以及加载后1年、7年和12年通过影像学评估边缘骨水平变化。测量探诊深度；记录菌斑的存在与否以及探诊时出血情况。
59颗种植体中有4颗在29例患者中的4例中失败（累积生存率 = 93.2%）。12年后平均骨吸收为0.78 mm（±0.88）。基线与所有其他随访间隔之间平均骨水平的变化具有统计学意义（p <.001）。在第1年至第12年间隔（p <.05）以及第7年至第12年间隔（p < 0.001）可证明具有统计学意义的差异。在第1年至第7年间隔未证明有统计学意义的差异（p =.32）。平均总体探诊深度为2.9 ± 0.66 mm。在7年和12年随访时，探诊深度与边缘骨变化呈中度相关（p =.05）。在12年随访期内未报告种植体周围炎的迹象。
该随访表明，使用机械加工表面的种植体时预后非常好。种植体失败的频率非常低。在本研究结果的范围内，当使用机械加工表面的种植体时，上颌后牙区种植体周围炎的风险可能被认为是一个小问题。
