Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Clin Epigenetics. 2019 Feb 26;11(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s13148-019-0632-2.
Epigenetic pathways play a pivotal role in the development and function of the immune system. Over the last decade, a growing body of studies has been published out seeking to explain a correlation between epigenetic modifications and the development of autoimmune disorders. Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases mainly by regulating gene expression. This paper reviews the importance of epigenetic alterations during the development of the most prevalent human autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and type 1 diabetes (T1D), aiming to provide new insights in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and the possibility to develop novel therapeutic approaches targeting the epigenome.
表观遗传途径在免疫系统的发育和功能中起着关键作用。在过去的十年中，越来越多的研究试图解释表观遗传修饰与自身免疫性疾病发展之间的相关性。表观遗传变化，如 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA，主要通过调节基因表达参与自身免疫性疾病的发病机制。本文综述了表观遗传改变在最常见的人类自身免疫性疾病（如系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、系统性硬化症、干燥综合征、自身免疫性甲状腺疾病和 1 型糖尿病）发展过程中的重要性，旨在为自身免疫性疾病的发病机制提供新的见解，并为针对表观基因组开发新的治疗方法提供可能性。
