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纳米多孔金属骨架催化剂在分子转化中的催化性能

Catalytic Performance of Nanoporous Metal Skeleton Catalysts for Molecular Transformations.

作者信息

Jin Tienan, Terada Masahiro, Bao Ming, Yamamoto Yoshinori

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Azaaoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.

State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China.

出版信息

ChemSusChem. 2019 Jul 5;12(13):2936-2954. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201900318. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Abstract

Nanoporous metal (MNPore) skeleton catalysts have attracted increasing attention in the field of green and sustainable heterogeneous catalysis owing to their unique three-dimensional nanopore structural features. In general, MNPores are fabricated through chemical or electrochemical corrosive dealloying of monolithic alloys. The dealloying process produces various MNPores with an open nanoporous network structure by formation of concave and convex hyperboloid-like ligaments. The large surface-to-volume ratio compared to bulk metals and high density of steps and kinks on ligaments of the unsupported MNPores make them promising heterogeneous catalyst candidates for highly active and selective molecular transformations. In this context, a variety of heterogeneous catalytic reactions using MNPores as nanocatalysts under gas- and liquid-phase conditions were developed over the last decade. In addition, the bulk metallic shape and mechanistic rigidity of the MNPore catalysts make the processes of catalyst recovery and reuse more facile and greener. This Minireview mainly focuses on the catalytic performance of nanoporous Au, Pd, Cu, and AuPd with respect to the achievements on catalytic applications in various molecular transformations.

摘要

纳米多孔金属(MNPore)骨架催化剂因其独特的三维纳米孔结构特征,在绿色可持续多相催化领域受到越来越多的关注。一般来说,MNPores是通过整体合金的化学或电化学腐蚀脱合金法制备的。脱合金过程通过形成凹凸双曲线状韧带产生具有开放纳米孔网络结构的各种MNPores。与块状金属相比,其大的表面积与体积比以及无支撑MNPores韧带台阶和扭结的高密度,使其成为高活性和选择性分子转化的有前途的多相催化剂候选物。在此背景下,在过去十年中开发了多种在气相和液相条件下使用MNPores作为纳米催化剂的多相催化反应。此外,MNPore催化剂的块状金属形状和机械刚性使催化剂回收和再利用过程更加简便和环保。本综述主要关注纳米多孔金、钯、铜和金钯在各种分子转化催化应用方面的催化性能。

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