Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Feb 26;19(5):988. doi: 10.3390/s19050988.
The wide availability of sensing modules and computing capabilities in modern mobile devices (smartphones, smart watches, in-vehicle sensors, etc.) is driving the shift from mote-class wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to the new era of crowdsensing WSNs. In this emerging paradigm sensors are no longer static and homogeneous, but are rather worn/carried by people or cars. This results in a new type of wide-area WSN-crowd-based and overlaid on top of heterogeneous communication technologies-that paves the way for very innovative applications. To this aim, the positioning of mobile devices operating in the network becomes crucial. Indeed, the pervasive, almost ubiquitous availability of smart devices brings unprecedented opportunities but also poses new research challenges in their precise location under mobility and dense-multipath environments typical of urban and indoor scenarios. In this paper, we review recent advances in the field of wireless positioning with focus on cooperation, mobility, and advanced array processing, which are key enablers for the design of novel localization solutions for crowdsensing WSNs.
现代移动设备（智能手机、智能手表、车载传感器等）中广泛存在的传感模块和计算能力正在推动从 mote 级无线传感器网络 (WSN) 向新一代的众包 WSN 转变。在这个新兴的范例中，传感器不再是静态和同质的，而是由人或车辆携带。这导致了一种新型的广域 WSN-基于人群并叠加在异构通信技术之上-为非常创新的应用铺平了道路。为此，网络中移动设备的定位变得至关重要。事实上，智能设备的普及性和几乎无处不在的可用性带来了前所未有的机遇，但在城市和室内场景中典型的移动性和密集多径环境下对其进行精确定位也带来了新的研究挑战。在本文中，我们重点回顾了无线定位领域的最新进展，包括合作、移动性和先进的阵列处理，这些都是为众包 WSN 设计新型定位解决方案的关键推动因素。
