Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea.
Nutrients. 2019 Feb 26;11(3):494. doi: 10.3390/nu11030494.
Honeyberry () has been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. Its predominant anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), possesses antioxidant and many other potent biological activities. We aimed to investigate the effects of honeyberry extract (HBE) supplementation on HepG2 cellular steatosis induced by free fatty acids (FFA) and in diet-induced obese mice. HepG2 cells were incubated with 1 mM FFA to induce lipid accumulation with or without HBE. Obesity in mice was induced by a 45% high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks and subsequent supplementation of 0.5% HBE (LH) and 1% HBE (MH) for 6 weeks. HBE suppressed fatty acid synthesis and ameliorated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells induced by FFA. Moreover, HBE also decreased lipid accumulation in the liver in the supplemented HBE group (LH, 0.5% or MH, 1%) compared with the control group. The expressions of adipogenic genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1c), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were decreased both in the HepG2 cells and in the livers of HBE-supplemented mice. In addition, HBE increased mRNA and protein levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), which are involved in fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, HBE treatment increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC). Honeyberry effectively reduced triglyceride accumulation through down-regulation of hepatic lipid metabolic gene expression and up-regulation of the activation of AMPK and ACC signaling in both the HepG2 cells as well as in livers of diet-induced obese mice. These results suggest that HBE may actively ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
枸杞()已被用于医学用途数千年。其主要的花色苷,矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(C3G),具有抗氧化和许多其他强大的生物活性。我们旨在研究枸杞提取物(HBE)补充对游离脂肪酸(FFA)诱导的 HepG2 细胞脂肪变性和饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的影响。用 1mM FFA 孵育 HepG2 细胞以诱导脂肪积累,同时加入或不加入 HBE。用 45%高脂肪饮食(HFD)诱导小鼠肥胖 6 周,随后补充 0.5%HBE(LH)和 1%HBE(MH)6 周。HBE 抑制脂肪酸合成并改善 FFA 诱导的 HepG2 细胞中脂质积累。此外,与对照组相比,补充 HBE 组(LH,0.5%或 MH,1%)的肝脏脂质积累也减少。参与肝内脂质代谢的固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(SREBP-1c)、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α(C/EBPα)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的脂肪生成基因的表达在 HepG2 细胞和补充 HBE 的小鼠肝脏中均降低。此外,HBE 增加了肉碱棕榈酰转移酶(CPT-1)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)的 mRNA 和蛋白水平,这些酶参与脂肪酸氧化。此外,HBE 处理增加了 AMP 激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)和乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶(ACC)的磷酸化。HBE 通过下调肝内脂质代谢基因表达和上调 AMPK 和 ACC 信号的激活,有效减少了 HepG2 细胞和饮食诱导肥胖小鼠肝脏中的甘油三酯积累。这些结果表明,HBE 可能积极改善非酒精性脂肪性肝病。