Wu Tsu-Yin, Lee Joohyun
Department of Nursing, Eastern Michigan University School of Nursing, MI, USA.
Department of Mental Health Behavioral Sciences, James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tempa, FL.
Eur J Breast Health. 2018 Nov 21;15(1):18-25. doi: 10.5152/ejbh.2018.4305. eCollection 2019 Jan.
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in the Philippines. Philippines has one of the highest breast cancer mortality rate and the lowest mortality-to-incidence ratio in Asia. This study has three objectives: 1) explore Filipino women's knowledge, attitudes toward, and practices of breast cancer and cancer screening, 2) examine if an educational program increases women's intention to seek future breast cancer screening, and 3) examine associations between demographic variables and breast cancer screening practices.
A total of 944 women from two urban areas (Calasciao and Tacloban City) and one rural area (Sogood) of the Philippines participated in this cross-sectional study. Study participants attended an educational program and completed study questionnaires regarding demographics, knowledge about, and practices of breast self-exams, clinical breast exams and mammography as well as reported barriers toward future screening.
The results showed a disparity between knowledge of routine breast cancer screening and actuals screening behaviors. Following breast health education and screening programs, participants reported greater intention to adhere to recommended breast cancer screening guidelines. The multivariate analyses showed that education level is a significant predictor for CBE and mammography uptake in current study.
This study has implications for breast cancer control among women in low-resources settings. Designing and implementing effective educational programs that increase women's awareness about breast cancer and promote screening uptake are important steps to reduce the burden affected by breast cancer among women in the Philippines and other South Asian low- to middle-income countries.
乳腺癌是菲律宾女性中最常见的癌症类型。菲律宾是亚洲乳腺癌死亡率最高且死亡率与发病率之比最低的国家之一。本研究有三个目标：1）探究菲律宾女性对乳腺癌及癌症筛查的知识、态度和做法；2）检验一项教育项目是否会提高女性未来进行乳腺癌筛查的意愿；3）检验人口统计学变量与乳腺癌筛查做法之间的关联。
来自菲律宾两个城市地区（卡拉肖和塔克洛班市）以及一个农村地区（索古德）的944名女性参与了这项横断面研究。研究参与者参加了一个教育项目，并完成了关于人口统计学、乳房自我检查、临床乳房检查和乳房X光检查的知识及做法的研究问卷，以及报告了未来筛查的障碍。
结果显示，常规乳腺癌筛查知识与实际筛查行为之间存在差异。在接受乳房健康教育和筛查项目后，参与者报告称更有意遵守推荐的乳腺癌筛查指南。多变量分析表明，在本研究中，教育水平是临床乳房检查和乳房X光检查接受情况的一个重要预测因素。
本研究对资源匮乏地区女性的乳腺癌控制具有启示意义。设计并实施有效的教育项目，提高女性对乳腺癌的认识并促进筛查的接受度，是减轻菲律宾及其他南亚低收入和中等收入国家女性所受乳腺癌负担的重要步骤。
