Hudson P J, Vogt R L, Heun E M, Brondum J, Coffin R R, Plikaytis B D, Bolan G
Pediatr Infect Dis. 1986 Mar-Apr;5(2):213-7. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198603000-00011.
A meningitis outbreak due to Neisseria meningitidis, serogroup C, serotype 2b, occurred in central Vermont in February, 1984. The highest incidence was in Northfield, where 7 cases occurred (129 per 100,000 population). Of these 7 cases 2 were students at Northfield High School and 5 were younger children; all had had close contact with Northfield High School students or staff in the week before illness. A case-control study demonstrated that these cases had significantly more exposure to Northfield High School students or staff in the 2 weeks before illness (112 hours) than did controls (8 hours) (P = 0.006). This finding was confirmed by a second case-control study designed to determine risk factors for the entire outbreak. School children in Northfield and their household contacts were given meningococcal A-C vaccine and sulfisoxazole prophylaxis. No further cases of meningococcal disease occurred in Northfield after the week that these control methods were initiated. Transmission of the outbreak strain of N. meningitidis appears to have occurred in a school setting with subsequent illness in household and close contacts of carriers of the outbreak strain.
1984年2月，佛蒙特州中部发生了一起由C群2b血清型脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的脑膜炎疫情。发病率最高的是诺斯菲尔德，有7例病例（每10万人中129例）。在这7例病例中，2例是诺斯菲尔德高中的学生，5例是年幼儿童；所有病例在发病前一周都与诺斯菲尔德高中的学生或教职员工有密切接触。一项病例对照研究表明，这些病例在发病前2周与诺斯菲尔德高中学生或教职员工的接触时间（112小时）显著多于对照组（8小时）（P = 0.006）。旨在确定整个疫情危险因素的第二项病例对照研究证实了这一发现。诺斯菲尔德的学童及其家庭接触者接种了A - C群脑膜炎球菌疫苗并进行了磺胺异恶唑预防。在开始采取这些防控措施后的一周内，诺斯菲尔德没有再出现脑膜炎球菌病病例。脑膜炎奈瑟菌疫情毒株的传播似乎发生在学校环境中，随后在疫情毒株携带者的家庭和密切接触者中出现发病情况。
