Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
J Exp Bot. 2019 Mar 27;70(6):1737-1754. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz033.
During seed development, carbon is reallocated from maternal tissues to support germination and subsequent growth. As this pool of resources is depleted post-germination, the plant begins autotrophic growth through leaf photosynthesis. Photoassimilates derived from the leaf are used to sustain the plant and form new organs, including other vegetative leaves, stems, bracts, flowers, fruits, and seeds. In contrast to the view that reproductive tissues act only as resource sinks, many studies demonstrate that flowers, fruits, and seeds are photosynthetically active. The photosynthetic contribution to development is variable between these reproductive organs and between species. In addition, our understanding of the developmental control of photosynthetic activity in reproductive organs is vastly incomplete. A further complication is that reproductive organ photosynthesis (ROP) appears to be particularly important under suboptimal growth conditions. Therefore, the topic of ROP presents the community with a challenge to integrate the fields of photosynthesis, development, and stress responses. Here, we attempt to summarize our understanding of the contribution of ROP to development and the molecular mechanisms underlying its control.
在种子发育过程中，碳会从母体组织中重新分配，以支持种子的萌发和随后的生长。一旦种子萌发后，这一资源库就会被耗尽，植物就会通过叶片光合作用开始进行自养生长。叶片产生的同化产物被用来维持植物的生长并形成新的器官，包括其他营养叶、茎、苞片、花、果实和种子。与生殖组织仅作为资源汇的观点相反，许多研究表明，花、果实和种子具有光合作用活性。这种对发育的光合贡献在这些生殖器官之间以及不同物种之间是不同的。此外，我们对生殖器官中光合作用活性的发育控制的理解还非常不完善。另一个复杂的问题是，在生长条件不佳的情况下，生殖器官的光合作用（ROP）似乎尤为重要。因此，ROP 这一主题向科学界提出了一个挑战，需要整合光合作用、发育和应激反应等领域。在这里，我们试图总结对 ROP 对发育的贡献以及其控制的分子机制的理解。
