College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, China; Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, 550025 Guiyang, China.
College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, 550025 Guiyang, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 1;667:33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.319. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
The plant microbiome is known to be influenced by certain biotic as well as abiotic factors. Nevertheless, the drivers for specific changes in microbial community composition and structure are largely unknown. In the present study, the effects of chemical and biological treatments for plant protection on the indigenous microbiome of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze were contrasted. Assessment of bacteria-specific ribosomal RNA gene fragment amplicons from a representative set of samples showed an increased microbial diversity in treated plants when compared to untreated samples. Moreover, distinct microbial fingerprints were found for plants subjected to a conventional pesticide treatment with lime sulfur as well as for plants that were biologically treated with a Piriformospora indica spore solution. The bacterial community of pesticide-treated plants was augmented by 11 taxa assigned to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. In contrast, plants from biological control treatments were augmented by 10 taxa representing a more diversified community enrichment and included members of Actionobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Complementary, molecular quantification of fungi in the samples showed a significantly lower number of internal transcribed spacer copies in plants subjected to biological control treatments, indicating the highest efficiency against fungal pathogens. The overall results show that leaves that are used for tea production show distinct microbiome shifts that are elicited by common pest and pathogen management practices. These shifts in the microbial population indicate non-target effects of the applied treatments.
植物微生物组已知受某些生物和非生物因素的影响。然而，特定微生物群落组成和结构变化的驱动因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。在本研究中，对比了用于植物保护的化学和生物处理对茶树本土微生物组的影响。从一组有代表性的样本中评估细菌特异性核糖体 RNA 基因片段扩增子表明，与未处理的样本相比，处理过的植物中的微生物多样性增加。此外，对于用石灰硫磺进行常规农药处理的植物和用拟诺卡氏菌孢子溶液进行生物处理的植物，发现了明显不同的微生物指纹。经农药处理的植物的细菌群落增加了 11 个归属于变形菌门和放线菌门的分类群。相比之下，来自生物防治处理的植物增加了 10 个分类群，代表了更具多样性的群落富集，包括行动菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门和疣微菌门的成员。作为补充，对样本中真菌的分子定量显示，经生物防治处理的植物中内部转录间隔区拷贝的数量显著降低，表明对真菌病原体的防治效率最高。总体结果表明，用于茶叶生产的叶片会因常见的病虫害管理措施而发生明显的微生物组变化。这些微生物种群的变化表明了所应用处理的非靶向效应。
