Pulmonary hypertension, hemolytic anemia, and renal failure. A mitomycin-associated syndrome.

After treatment with mitomycin C, a patient developed pulmonary hypertension with interstitial infiltrates, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, systemic hypertension, and renal failure with the nephrotic syndrome. Open lung biopsy documented intracapillary fibrin thrombi in the pulmonary vasculature. Renal biopsy documented glomerular and arteriolar changes that were most consistent with a thrombotic-thrombocytopenic-like process. Treatment with corticosteroids, fresh-frozen plasma, and total plasma exchange was ineffective. The patient died six months after the onset. When mitomycin-C therapy is given, the clinician should be aware of the pulmonary, renal, and microangiopathic changes that can be associated with such therapy.