The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia.
The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Apr;274:294-300. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.079. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Few studies have compared the content and appraisal of hallucinatory experiences (HE) by people with psychosis and those without. This study compared the characteristics of HE, and their appraisals, in individuals with psychotic disorder, non-psychotic mental disorder and no disorder in the general population. Participants (n = 253) aged between 30-33 years who reported HE were recruited from a birth cohort and assessed for lifetime diagnoses of mental disorders. They were allocated to groups based on their diagnosis and their HE were rated to assess their form, content and associated appraisals. Compared to those with no mental disorder, participants with a psychotic disorder had almost twelve times the odds of appraising their HE as distressing and dangerous and nine times the odds of experiencing recurrent HE. Those with a non-psychotic disorder had more than twice the odds of recurrent HE compared to those with no disorder. Overall, HE showed more similarities than differences across the diagnostic groups. Negative appraisals of HE and their recurrence differentiated clinical from non-clinical populations. Screening for HE and assessment of their associated appraisals is essential in those seeking care for mental health difficulties. Interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive appraisals can assist in reducing hallucination related distress.
很少有研究比较过精神病患者和非精神病患者的幻觉体验（HE）内容和评估。本研究比较了精神病患者、非精神病性精神障碍患者和一般人群中无障碍个体的 HE 特征及其评估。从出生队列中招募了年龄在 30-33 岁之间、报告有 HE 的参与者（n=253），并评估了他们一生中精神障碍的诊断情况。根据他们的诊断将他们分配到不同的组别，并对他们的 HE 进行评估，以评估其形式、内容和相关评估。与无精神障碍者相比，精神病患者评估其 HE 感到痛苦和危险的可能性几乎是前者的 12 倍，出现反复发作 HE 的可能性是前者的 9 倍。与无障碍者相比，患有非精神病性障碍者出现反复发作 HE 的可能性要高出一倍以上。总的来说，HE 在不同的诊断组之间表现出更多的相似性而不是差异。HE 的负面评估及其复发将临床和非临床人群区分开来。对寻求心理健康问题治疗的人进行 HE 筛查和评估其相关评估是至关重要的。旨在改变适应不良评估的干预措施可以帮助减少与幻觉相关的痛苦。
