Zhang Yueheng, Song Jinyuan, Wang Ting, Sun Haoyu, Lin Zhifen, Zhang Yinjiang
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, China.
Dose Response. 2019 Feb 25;17(1):1559325818822938. doi: 10.1177/1559325818822938. eCollection 2019 Jan-Mar.
Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) are being used widely as a promising alternative to antibiotics and drawing attention as potential pollutants. However, the assessment methods of the toxicities of QSIs, including model organism and affecting time, have not been established. To investigate how model organism and acting time impact the toxicities of QSIs, the effect of 4 QSIs to and were determined at different exposing time in the present study. The results showed that the toxic effects of QSIs to gram-negative bacteria () and gram-positive bacteria () were different and time dependent. As for , QSI (furaneol acetate, FA) merely showed inhibition on the bioluminescence from hours 1 to 2. But from hours 3 to 6, low concentration FA exerted stimulation on the bioluminescence. Then, this stimulation disappeared from hours 7 to 14, and after hour 15 the stimulation appeared again. That is to say, QSIs showed intermittent hormesis effect on the bioluminescence of . By contrast, only inhibition was observed in the toxicity test process of QSIs to . As exposing time goes, the inhibition weakened gradually when FA was at low concentration regions. What is more, in the present, study toxic mechanisms were also discussed based on model organisms and exposing time. This study demonstrates appreciable impacts of model organism and exposing time on toxicities of QSIs and provides a theoretical basis for risk assessments after QSIs being widely used into the environment.
群体感应抑制剂（QSIs）作为抗生素的一种有前景的替代品被广泛使用，并作为潜在污染物受到关注。然而，包括模式生物和作用时间在内的QSIs毒性评估方法尚未建立。为了研究模式生物和作用时间如何影响QSIs的毒性，本研究在不同暴露时间下测定了4种QSIs对[具体模式生物1]和[具体模式生物2]的影响。结果表明，QSIs对革兰氏阴性菌（[具体革兰氏阴性菌名称]）和革兰氏阳性菌（[具体革兰氏阳性菌名称]）的毒性作用不同且具有时间依赖性。对于[具体模式生物1]，群体感应抑制剂（乙酸呋喃酮，FA）仅在第1至2小时对生物发光有抑制作用。但在第3至6小时，低浓度FA对生物发光有刺激作用。然后，这种刺激在第7至14小时消失，在第15小时后刺激作用再次出现。也就是说，QSIs对[具体模式生物1]的生物发光表现出间歇性的兴奋效应。相比之下，在QSIs对[具体模式生物2]的毒性测试过程中仅观察到抑制作用。随着暴露时间的延长，当FA处于低浓度区域时抑制作用逐渐减弱。此外，在本研究中还基于模式生物和暴露时间讨论了毒性机制。本研究证明了模式生物和暴露时间对QSIs毒性有显著影响，并为QSIs广泛应用于环境后的风险评估提供了理论依据。
