Liu Hsien-Kuan, Wu Chien-Yi, Yang Yung-Ning, Wu Pei-Ling, He Zong-Rong, Yang San-Nan, Tey Shu-Leei
Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
PeerJ. 2019 Feb 25;7:e6473. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6473. eCollection 2019.
Overweight and obesity among children can cause metabolic syndrome in adulthood and are a significant public health issue. Some studies suggest that maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and excessive gestational weight gain during pregnancy are associated with overweight and obesity in offspring. However, it is difficult to collect information on accurate pre-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain for women living in areas where medical resources are scarce. Maternal pre-delivery BMI might be predictive of the risk of overweight and obesity among offspring of pregnant mothers living in suburban areas.
We retrospectively collected data on term neonates with appropriate weights for their gestational age born between April 2013 and October 2015. We excluded neonates with major congenital anomalies or diseases and incomplete data. Mothers with systemic diseases or drug abuse were also excluded. Offspring body weights and heights at 1- and 2-years-old were recorded. Maternal pre-delivery BMI was divided into following groups: <25, 25-29.9, and ≧30 kg/m.
We included 261 mother-child pairs in this study. The BMIs of the offspring differed significantly among the three maternal pre-delivery BMI groups at the age of 2 years (15.18 ± 1.04, 15.83 ± 1.28, and 16.29 ± 1.61 kg/m, < 0.001, respectively). After adjusting for potential cofounders possibly affecting weight using multivariate linear regression, the children's BMIs (adjusted 95% CI: 0.71 [0.31-1.11]; = 0.001) and BMI percentiles (adjusted 95% CI 15.80 [7.32-24.28]; < 0.001) at the age of 2 years were significantly higher in those born to mothers with pre-delivery BMIs of 25-29.9 kg/m compared to mothers with pre-delivery BMIs <25 kg/m. Maternal pre-delivery BMI ≧30 kg/m was significantly associated with increased BMIs (adjusted 95% CI: 1.17 [0.72-1.63]; < 0.001) and BMI percentiles (adjusted 95% CI: 23.48 [13.87-33.09]; < 0.001) in their children. A maternal pre-delivery BMI of 27.16 kg/m was the optimal cut-off for predicting offspring overweight/obesity at the age of 2 years.
Our results indicate that the maternal pre-delivery BMI was significantly associated with offspring BMI and weight gain at the age of 2 years. A maternal pre-delivery BMI of 27.16 kg/m might be a useful predictor for estimating the risk of overweight or obesity in offspring at the age of 2 years.
儿童超重和肥胖会导致成年后出现代谢综合征，是一个重大的公共卫生问题。一些研究表明，母亲孕前体重指数（BMI）和孕期体重过度增加与后代超重和肥胖有关。然而，对于生活在医疗资源匮乏地区的女性来说，很难收集到准确的孕前BMI和孕期体重增加信息。母亲分娩前BMI可能是居住在郊区的孕妇后代超重和肥胖风险的预测指标。
我们回顾性收集了2013年4月至2015年10月间出生的孕周合适、体重正常的足月儿的数据。我们排除了患有重大先天性畸形或疾病以及数据不完整的新生儿。患有系统性疾病或药物滥用的母亲也被排除。记录了后代1岁和2岁时的体重和身高。母亲分娩前BMI分为以下几组：<25、25 - 29.9和≧30 kg/m²。
本研究纳入了261对母婴。在2岁时，后代的BMI在母亲分娩前BMI的三个组之间存在显著差异（分别为15.18±1.04、15.83±1.28和16.29±1.61 kg/m²，P<0.001）。在使用多变量线性回归调整可能影响体重的潜在混杂因素后，与分娩前BMI<25 kg/m²的母亲所生的孩子相比，分娩前BMI为25 - 29.9 kg/m²的母亲所生的孩子在2岁时的BMI（调整后的95%CI：0.71[0.31 - 1.11]；P = 0.001）和BMI百分位数（调整后的95%CI 15.80[7.32 - 24.28]；P<0.001）显著更高。母亲分娩前BMI≧30 kg/m²与孩子BMI的升高（调整后的95%CI：1.17[0.72 - 1.63]；P<0.001）和BMI百分位数（调整后的95%CI：23.48[13.87 - 33.09]；P<0.001）显著相关。母亲分娩前BMI为27.16 kg/m²是预测2岁后代超重/肥胖的最佳切点。
我们的结果表明，母亲分娩前BMI与2岁后代的BMI和体重增加显著相关。母亲分娩前BMI为27.16 kg/m²可能是估计2岁后代超重或肥胖风险的有用预测指标。
