College of Resources Science of Land, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China.
Baoding Academy of Ecological Civilization in Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jan;27(3):2464-2473. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04367-z. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Vegetation restoration of slag heap (slope) is of great significance in environmental protection, but it is difficult because of the lack of soil. This study proposes a new technology for vegetation restoration of mine slag pile based on a mixed substrate of mine slag and soil. The ecological mechanism of vegetation in mountainous areas with soil-rock mix substrate was investigated through pot and field experiments, in which physical and chemical analyses of various components as well as the calculation of dosage and other parameters were performed. Soil testing formula, plant selection, pot experiment, and ground planting experiment were selected as the key links. The results showed that, in addition to N, P, K, and organic matter, the content of fine particles was the main factor determining whether the soil-rock mixture could meet the growth and development requirements of plants. The content of fine particles significantly affects the water-supply capacity and water-holding capacity of the soil-rock mixture matrix. The higher the content of fine particles, the better the water-supply capacity and water-holding capacity. The mixture of artificial rocks and fine soil could be stirred evenly when 50-200% fine soil or fine soil + tailings were mixed into the mine waste residue, thus providing good vegetation restoration effects.
矿渣堆（边坡）植被恢复在环境保护中具有重要意义，但由于缺乏土壤，因此难度很大。本研究提出了一种基于矿渣和土壤混合基质的矿山废渣植被恢复新技术。通过盆栽和田间试验研究了土壤-岩混合基质条件下山区植被的生态机理，对各成分进行理化分析，并计算用量等参数。选择土壤测试配方、植物选择、盆栽试验和地面种植试验作为关键环节。结果表明，除 N、P、K 和有机质外，细颗粒含量是决定土壤-岩混合物是否能满足植物生长发育要求的主要因素。细颗粒含量显著影响土壤-岩混合物基质的供水能力和持水能力。细颗粒含量越高，供水能力和持水能力越好。当将 50-200%的细土或细土+尾矿混合到矿山废石中时，人工岩石和细土的混合物可以均匀搅拌，从而提供良好的植被恢复效果。
