Legard D E, Xiao C L, Mertely J C, Chandler C K
University of Florida, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, 13138 Lewis Gallagher Road, Dover 33527.
Plant Dis. 2001 Jan;85(1):31-39. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.1.31.
The management of Botrytis fruit rot on annual strawberry by fungicides was evaluated in Florida during the 1995-96, 1996-97, and 1997-98 seasons. Weekly applications of captan or thiram, bloom applications of iprodione applied twice during each of two peak flowering periods, and weekly applications of captan combined with iprodione bloom applications were evaluated. Significant treatment effects (P ≤ 0.05) on the incidence of Botrytis fruit rot were detected for the early, late, and whole-season periods each season. Weekly applications of captan or thiram controlled Botrytis fruit rot, reducing disease incidence by more than 41% compared to the untreated control. These treatments also affected marketable yield during two seasons, with a 42 to 127% increase in yield compared to the control. Weekly fungicide applications did not reduce the incidence of Botrytis fruit rot until at least the fourth week of harvest, 9 to 10 weeks after applications began. Bloom applications of iprodione alone reduced the incidence of Botrytis fruit rot during the second peak bloom period, and the reductions in incidence occurred 1 to 3 weeks after the start of bloom applications. This suggests that iprodione applications control infections at flowering or early stages of fruit development. However, early-season bloom applications did not reduce the incidence of Botrytis fruit rot. The control of Botrytis fruit rot by weekly captan applications was not improved by the addition of iprodione bloom applications. These data suggest that early-season fungicide applications for the control of Botrytis fruit rot in annual winter strawberry are of limited efficacy, and that bloom applications of Botryticides such as iprodione should be focused on the second peak bloom period.
1995 - 1996年、1996 - 1997年和1997 - 1998年期间，在佛罗里达州对杀菌剂防治一年生草莓灰霉病果腐病的效果进行了评估。评估了每周施用克菌丹或福美双、在两个盛花期各进行两次异菌脲的花期施用以及每周施用克菌丹并结合异菌脲花期施用的情况。在每个季节的早期、晚期和全季，均检测到对灰霉病果腐病发病率有显著的处理效果（P≤0.05）。每周施用克菌丹或福美双可防治灰霉病果腐病，与未处理对照相比，病害发病率降低超过41%。这些处理在两个季节中还影响了可销售产量，与对照相比产量增加了42%至127%。每周施用杀菌剂直到收获至少第四周（施用开始后9至10周）才降低灰霉病果腐病的发病率。单独进行异菌脲的花期施用可降低第二个盛花期灰霉病果腐病的发病率，发病率降低发生在花期施用开始后的1至3周。这表明异菌脲施用可控制花期或果实发育早期的感染。然而，季初花期施用并未降低灰霉病果腐病的发病率。在每周施用克菌丹的基础上添加异菌脲花期施用并不能提高对灰霉病果腐病的防治效果。这些数据表明，在一年生冬季草莓上季初施用杀菌剂防治灰霉病果腐病的效果有限，并且像异菌脲这样的杀真菌剂的花期施用应集中在第二个盛花期。
