Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, 2009 Student Recreation Center, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
Sport & Exercise Science, University of Central Florida, 12494 University Boulevard, ED 320Q, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2019 Jul;12(3):509-513. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.02.004. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
Youth with visual impairments tend to be at an elevated risk for developing health-related conditions. A thorough understanding of factors associated with health-related behaviors is crucial for the development of effective interventions. Little research has examined the importance of neighborhood factors for physical activity and screen-time behaviors of individuals with visual impairments.
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between neighborhood factors and physical activity and screen-time among youth with and without visual impairments.
Cross-sectional data from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), which is composed of a cross-sectional probability sample of noninstitutionalized youth aged 0-17 years in the United States, were utilized for this study. This study included 1536 youth aged 6-17 with visual impairments. Behavioral variables and environmental factors were recorded via parent report. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVAs and multiple regression models were computed to examine the research questions.
Youth with severe visual impairments had lower levels of physical activity compared to youth with without visual impairments, as well as those with mild or moderate visual impairments. Among youth with mild visual impairments and those without visual impairments, perceiving the neighborhood to be safe was associated with greater amounts of physical activity. For youth with moderate visual impairments, perceiving the neighborhood to be less safe was associated with increased screen-time. No environmental factors were associated with physical activity or screen time for youth with severe visual impairments.
Neighborhood safety appeared to be an important factor associated with health behaviors among youth without visual impairments, as well as those with mild or moderate visual impairments. Interestingly, no relationship existed between environmental factors and youth with severe visual impairment, suggesting that further research is needed to identify factors that influence physical activity and screen-time among youth with more severe visual impairments.
视力障碍的年轻人往往面临更高的健康相关问题风险。深入了解与健康相关行为相关的因素对于制定有效的干预措施至关重要。很少有研究探讨邻里因素对视力障碍个体的身体活动和屏幕时间行为的重要性。
本研究旨在探讨邻里因素与视力障碍和无视力障碍青年的身体活动和屏幕时间之间的关系。
本研究使用了 2011-2012 年全国儿童健康调查（NSCH）的横断面数据，该调查由美国 0-17 岁非机构化青年的横断面概率样本组成。本研究包括 1536 名 6-17 岁的视力障碍青年。行为变量和环境因素通过家长报告记录。采用描述性统计、单因素方差分析和多元回归模型来检验研究问题。
与无视力障碍的青年以及轻度或中度视力障碍的青年相比，严重视力障碍的青年身体活动水平较低。在轻度视力障碍的青年和无视力障碍的青年中，感知邻里安全与更多的身体活动量相关。对于中度视力障碍的青年，感知邻里不安全与增加的屏幕时间相关。严重视力障碍的青年的环境因素与身体活动或屏幕时间无关。
邻里安全似乎是无视力障碍以及轻度或中度视力障碍青年健康行为的一个重要因素。有趣的是，环境因素与严重视力障碍的青年之间没有关系，这表明需要进一步研究以确定影响严重视力障碍青年身体活动和屏幕时间的因素。
