Georgievska-Jancheska Tatjana
Center for Rehabilitation of Hearing, Speech and Voice, Faculty of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Feb 9;7(3):336-340. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.144. eCollection 2019 Feb 15.
Speech sound appears first in the child's speech development and is the primary means of expression. Articulation disorders can hinder the comprehensibility of children's speech. The speech, in turn, can limit the child's inclusion in the social and educational environment.
To establish frequency and distribution of lambdacism, rhotacism and sigmatism or their combination in preschool children and the frequency and distribution of these articulation disorders among boys and girls.
A retrospective analysis of data from preventive examination for early diagnosis of impairments of hearing, speech and sounds in preschool children has been carried out. In the selected sample, only the data for children diagnosed with lambdacism, rhotacism, sigmatism or their combination are analysed. The data is statistically examined, represented in tables and figures and analysed descriptively.
In the analysed sample, the greater presence of lambdacism was observed before rhotacism and sigmatism. Most commonly, these three types of articulation disorder appear alone, as isolated cases, instead of a combination of two out of the three impairments. They are more common in boys than in girls.
Timely diagnosis and rehabilitation of lambdacism, rhotacism and sigmatism or their combination in preschool children will enable easier and faster integration of the children in the social and educational environment without leaving lasting consequences.
语音是儿童言语发展中最早出现的，也是主要的表达方式。发音障碍会妨碍儿童言语的可理解性。反过来，言语问题又会限制儿童融入社会和教育环境。
确定学龄前儿童中齿音化、卷舌音化和咝音化或其组合的发生率及分布情况，以及这些发音障碍在男孩和女孩中的发生率及分布情况。
对学龄前儿童听力、言语和声音障碍早期诊断预防性检查的数据进行回顾性分析。在选定样本中，仅分析被诊断为齿音化、卷舌音化、咝音化或其组合的儿童的数据。对数据进行统计学检验，以表格和图表形式呈现并进行描述性分析。
在分析样本中，齿音化比卷舌音化和咝音化出现得更频繁。最常见的情况是，这三种发音障碍单独出现，为孤立病例，而非三种障碍中的两种组合出现。它们在男孩中比在女孩中更常见。
及时诊断和治疗学龄前儿童的齿音化、卷舌音化和咝音化或其组合，将使儿童更容易、更快地融入社会和教育环境，且不会留下持久影响。
