Dermendjiev Svetlan, Blagoeva Vesela Slavcheva
Division of Occupational Disorders and Toxicology, 2nd Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 28;7(3):341-346. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.040. eCollection 2019 Feb 15.
Angioedema (AE) is acute oedema of the skin and mucous surfaces, involving the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. AE could be a life-threatening medical condition. Regardless of its growing clinical importance, many aspects of its aetiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Its incidence, demographic characteristics, diagnosis and therapy, need further investigation.
This study reports our experience with angioedema concerning its social and demographic characteristics, aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Study design: Eighty-eight patients with AE were enrolled. The study is a retrospective analysis of patients treated in our Clinics.
All participants were asked on a voluntary basis to fill out a specially designed questionnaire on the day of their discharge. Other important data sources included: patients' history and notes during the hospital stay, information from previous admissions, etc. Parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were used for data processing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (SPSS Inc., IBM SPSS Statistica) version 20.0.
Based on our results, AE affects more frequently patients over 50 years of age, regardless of their sex. Urban residents prevail, among them - more commonly working women. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormones and antibiotics were among the most common triggers - in 8%, 4.5% and 11.4% of the cases respectively. In 9.09% of the patients, food-induced AE was seen, the most common foods reported, were - nuts, eggs and egg products. The common sites of involvement were periorbital area and lips. In only 9.1% of the patients, oedema progressed to spread to the upper respiratory tract. Cardiac conditions were the most frequent underlying disorders - 33%, of the patients, auto-immune thyroiditis was the second most common-14.8%, followed by musculo- skeletal disorders (10.2%) and diabetes (4.5%) Family history of allergy was seen in 8.4% of the patients, the most frequent allergic disorder, reported, was asthma. In patients with HAE, family history was present in 2.9% of the patients.
All patients received therapy with steroids and antihistamines, resulting in resolution of symptoms and no invasive procedures were necessary. Based on our results, the diagnosis of AE is often difficult and delayed and requires specialist evaluation. If recognised on time and adequately treated, the outcomes are favourable.
血管性水肿（AE）是皮肤和黏膜表面的急性水肿，累及呼吸道和胃肠道。AE可能是一种危及生命的病症。尽管其临床重要性日益增加，但其病因和发病机制的许多方面仍知之甚少。其发病率、人口统计学特征、诊断和治疗需要进一步研究。
本研究报告了我们在血管性水肿的社会和人口统计学特征、病因、临床特征、诊断和治疗结果方面的经验。研究设计：招募了88例AE患者。该研究是对在我们诊所接受治疗的患者进行的回顾性分析。
所有参与者在出院当天被自愿要求填写一份专门设计的问卷。其他重要的数据来源包括：患者住院期间的病史和记录、既往住院信息等。使用参数和非参数统计方法进行数据处理。使用SPSS（SPSS公司，IBM SPSS Statistica）20.0版进行数据分析。
根据我们的结果，AE在50岁以上的患者中更常见，无论性别如何。城市居民居多，其中职业女性更为常见。非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、激素和抗生素是最常见的诱因——分别占病例的8%、4.5%和11.4%。在9.09%的患者中，可见食物诱发的AE，报告最多的常见食物是坚果、鸡蛋和蛋制品。常见的受累部位是眶周区域和嘴唇。仅9.1%的患者水肿进展至蔓延至上呼吸道。心脏疾病是最常见的基础疾病——33%的患者，自身免疫性甲状腺炎是第二常见的——14.8%，其次是肌肉骨骼疾病（10.2%）和糖尿病（4.5%）。8.4%的患者有过敏家族史，报告最多的过敏疾病是哮喘。在遗传性血管性水肿（HAE）患者中，2.9%的患者有家族史。
所有患者均接受了类固醇和抗组胺药治疗，症状得以缓解，无需进行侵入性操作。根据我们的结果，AE的诊断通常困难且延迟，需要专科评估。如果及时识别并得到充分治疗，结果是良好的。
