Nikmahzar Emsehgol, Jahanshahi Mehrdad, Elyasi Leila, Saeidi Mohsen, Babakordi Fatemeh, Bahlakeh Gozal
Neuroscience Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019 Feb;22(2):166-172. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.31412.7569.
Amyloid β plaques, in Alzheimer's disease, are deposits in different areas of the brain such as prefrontal cortex, molecular layer of the cerebellum, and the hippocampal formation. Amyloid β aggregates lead to the release of cytochrome c and finally neuronal cell death in brain tissue. hCG has critical roles in brain development, neuron differentiation, and function. Therefore, we investigated the effect of hCG on the density of the congophilic Aβ plaque and cytochrome c-ir neurons in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum of Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats.
Alzheimer model in rats (except the control group) was induced by streptozotocin (3 mg/kg, Intracerebroventricularly (ICV)). Experimental group rats received streptozotocin and then different doses of hCG (50, 100, and 200 IU, intraperitoneally) for 3 days. 48 hr after last drug injection and after histological processing, the brain sections were stained by congo red for congophilic amyloid β plaques and cytochrome c in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum were immunohistochemically stained.
Density of congophilic Aβ plaques and cytochrome c-immunoreactive neurons was significantly higher in ICV STZ treated rats than controls. Treatment with three doses of hCG significantly decreased the density of congophilic Aβ plaques and cytochrome c-immunoreactive neurons in the rat hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum in ICV STZ-treated rats (<0.05).
hCG can be useful in AD patients to prevent the congophilic Aβ plaque formation and decrease cytochrome c-immunoreactive neuron density in the brain.
在阿尔茨海默病中，淀粉样β斑块是大脑不同区域的沉积物，如前额叶皮质、小脑分子层和海马结构。淀粉样β聚集体导致细胞色素c的释放，最终导致脑组织中的神经元细胞死亡。人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）在大脑发育、神经元分化和功能中起关键作用。因此，我们研究了hCG对链脲佐菌素（STZ）处理的大鼠海马、前额叶皮质和小脑中嗜刚果红Aβ斑块密度和细胞色素c免疫反应性神经元的影响。
除对照组外，大鼠阿尔茨海默病模型由链脲佐菌素（3mg/kg，脑室内注射（ICV））诱导。实验组大鼠接受链脲佐菌素，然后给予不同剂量的hCG（50、100和200IU，腹腔注射），持续3天。在最后一次药物注射后48小时并经过组织学处理后，脑切片用刚果红染色以检测嗜刚果红淀粉样β斑块，海马、前额叶皮质和小脑中的细胞色素c进行免疫组织化学染色。
ICV STZ处理的大鼠中嗜刚果红Aβ斑块和细胞色素c免疫反应性神经元的密度显著高于对照组。用三剂量的hCG处理显著降低了ICV STZ处理的大鼠海马、前额叶皮质和小脑中嗜刚果红Aβ斑块和细胞色素c免疫反应性神经元的密度（<0.05）。
hCG对阿尔茨海默病患者预防嗜刚果红Aβ斑块形成和降低脑中细胞色素c免疫反应性神经元密度可能有用。
