宠物和马匹的危险，急诊科与动物相关的伤害。
The dangers of pets and horses, animal related injuries in the Emergency department.
作者信息
van Delft Eva A K, Thomassen Irene, Schreuder A M Marthe, Sosef Nico L
机构信息
Spaarne Gasthuis, Department of Surgery, Spaarnepoort 1, 2143 TM Hoofddorp, the Netherlands.
AMC Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
出版信息
Trauma Case Rep. 2019 Feb 21;20:100179. doi: 10.1016/j.tcr.2019.100179. eCollection 2019 Apr.
INTRODUCTION
Every year patients present to the emergency department due to bites, scratches and falls caused by animals. Although bite and scratch injuries have been described in literature, the exact number of patients that visit the emergency department due to all animal related injuries has never been described before.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of all emergency department visits throughout a 1-year period was performed from April 2015 until March 2016.
RESULTS
516 Patients were treated at the emergency department because of animal related injuries. Most were female and the median age was 38 years. The animals causing most injuries were horses, followed by dogs and cats. Animal related injuries more often caused fractures ( = 165) or contusions ( = 171) compared to wounds ( = 135). No lethal injuries were recorded. However, three animals did not survive the event.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of animal related injuries is 2.8% and this is probably an underestimation. The injuries have noteworthy origins and have potentially severe physical injury as result. Awareness in the general population on the potential dangers of pets and horses could reduce the number and severity of animal related injuries.
引言
每年都有患者因动物咬伤、抓伤和摔倒而前往急诊科就诊。尽管文献中已对咬伤和抓伤进行过描述，但此前从未有人描述过因所有与动物相关的伤害而前往急诊科就诊的患者的确切人数。
方法
对2015年4月至2016年3月这1年期间所有急诊科就诊病例进行回顾性分析。
结果
516名患者因与动物相关的伤害在急诊科接受治疗。大多数为女性，中位年龄为38岁。造成伤害最多的动物是马，其次是狗和猫。与伤口（135例）相比，与动物相关的伤害更常导致骨折（165例）或挫伤（171例）。未记录到致命伤害。然而，有三只动物在事件中未能存活。
结论
与动物相关伤害的发生率为2.8%，这可能是一个低估数字。这些伤害有值得注意的起因，并可能导致严重身体损伤。普通民众对宠物和马潜在危险的认识可减少与动物相关伤害的数量和严重程度。
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