Bai Juan, Liu Danye, Yang Jun, Chen Yu
Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of, Education), Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering Address, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
ChemSusChem. 2019 May 21;12(10):2117-2132. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201803063. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
The use of ethanol as a fuel in direct alcohol fuel cells depends not only on its ease of production from renewable sources, but also on overcoming the challenges of storage and transportation. In an ethanol-based fuel cell, highly active electrocatalysts are required to break the C-C bond in ethanol for its complete oxidation at lower overpotentials, with the aim of increasing the cell performance, ethanol conversion rates, and fuel efficiency. In recent decades, the development of wet-chemistry methods has stimulated research into catalyst design, reactivity tailoring, and mechanistic investigations, and thus, created great opportunities to achieve efficient oxidation of ethanol. In this Minireview, the nanomaterials tested as electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction in acid or alkaline environments are summarized. The focus is mainly on nanomaterials synthesized by using wet-chemistry methods, with particular attention on the relationship between the chemical and physical characteristics of the catalysts, for example, catalyst composition, morphology, structure, degree of alloying, presence of oxides or supports, and their activity for ethanol electro-oxidation. As potential alternatives to noble metals, non-noble-metal catalysts for ethanol oxidation are also briefly reviewed. Insights into further enhancing the catalytic performance through the design of efficient electrocatalysts are also provided.
在直接醇类燃料电池中使用乙醇作为燃料，不仅取决于其从可再生资源中易于生产，还取决于克服储存和运输方面的挑战。在基于乙醇的燃料电池中，需要高活性的电催化剂来打破乙醇中的碳 - 碳键，以便在较低的过电位下实现其完全氧化，目的是提高电池性能、乙醇转化率和燃料效率。近几十年来，湿化学方法的发展推动了对催化剂设计、反应活性调整和机理研究的探索，因此为实现乙醇的高效氧化创造了巨大机遇。在这篇微型综述中，总结了在酸性或碱性环境中作为乙醇氧化反应电催化剂测试的纳米材料。重点主要放在通过湿化学方法合成的纳米材料上，特别关注催化剂的化学和物理特性之间的关系，例如催化剂组成、形态、结构、合金化程度、氧化物或载体的存在及其对乙醇电氧化的活性。作为贵金属的潜在替代品，也简要综述了用于乙醇氧化的非贵金属催化剂。还提供了关于通过设计高效电催化剂进一步提高催化性能的见解。
