Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
S Afr Med J. 2019 Jan 31;109(2):89-90. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i2.13660.
Hyperkalaemia is a potentially life-threatening condition frequently encountered in hospitalised patients. Among the many causes of hyperkalaemia, drugs have often been implicated. In the South African context, with the high burden of HIV, there is an increased incidence of opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), and consequently many patients receive high doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. A lesser-known side-effect of the trimethoprim component of this combination antibiotic is hyperkalaemia. We report a case in which life-threatening hyperkalaemia developed after institution of high-dose co-trimoxazole for PJP.
高钾血症是一种潜在的危及生命的病症，经常在住院患者中出现。在导致高钾血症的众多原因中，药物常常是其中之一。在南非，由于艾滋病毒负担沉重，机会性感染的发病率增加，例如卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PJP），因此许多患者接受大剂量的复方磺胺甲噁唑。这种联合抗生素中甲氧苄啶成分的一个鲜为人知的副作用是高钾血症。我们报告了一例因卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎而接受大剂量复方磺胺甲噁唑治疗后发生危及生命的高钾血症的病例。
