Veselá Barbora, Švandová Eva, Bobek Jan, Lesot Hervé, Matalová Eva
Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.
Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia.
Front Physiol. 2019 Feb 19;10:124. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00124. eCollection 2019.
The mandible is a tooth-bearing structure involving one of the most prominent bones of the facial region. Mesenchymal cell condensation is the first morphological sign of osteogenesis, and several studies have focused on this stage also in the mandible. Little information is available about the early post-condensation period, during which avascular soft condensation turns into vascularized bone, and all three major bone cell types, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, differentiate. In the mouse first lower molar region, the post-condensation period corresponds to the prenatal days 13-15. If during this critical period, when osteogenesis reaches the point of major bone cell differentiation, vascularization already has to play a critical role, one should be able to show molecular changes which support both types of cellular events. The aim of the present report was to follow in organ context the expression of major osteogenic and angiogenic markers and identify those that are up- or downregulated during this period. To this end, PCR Array was applied covering molecules involved in osteoblastic cell proliferation, commitment or differentiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, mineralisation, osteocyte maturation, angiogenesis, osteoclastic differentiation, and initial bone remodeling. From 161 analyzed osteogenic and angiogenic factors, the expression of 37 was altered when comparing the condensation stage with the bone stage. The results presented here provide a molecular survey of the early post-condensation stage of mandibular/alveolar bone development which has not yet been investigated .
下颌骨是一个承载牙齿的结构，涉及面部区域最突出的骨骼之一。间充质细胞凝聚是骨生成的第一个形态学标志，多项研究也聚焦于下颌骨的这一阶段。关于凝聚后早期阶段的信息很少，在此期间无血管的软凝聚物转变为血管化的骨骼，并且成骨细胞、骨细胞和破骨细胞这三种主要骨细胞类型都会分化。在小鼠第一下磨牙区域，凝聚后时期对应于产前第13 - 15天。如果在这个关键时期，当骨生成达到主要骨细胞分化阶段时，血管生成已经必须发挥关键作用，那么应该能够显示出支持这两种细胞事件的分子变化。本报告的目的是在器官环境中追踪主要成骨和血管生成标志物的表达，并确定在此期间上调或下调的标志物。为此，应用了PCR阵列，涵盖参与成骨细胞增殖、定向或分化、细胞外基质（ECM）沉积、矿化、骨细胞成熟、血管生成、破骨细胞分化和初始骨重塑的分子。在比较凝聚阶段和骨阶段时，从161个分析的成骨和血管生成因子中，有37个的表达发生了改变。这里呈现的结果提供了下颌骨/牙槽骨发育凝聚后早期阶段的分子概况，而这一阶段尚未得到研究。
