Brown Timothy L, Lee John D, Fiorentino Dary
a National Advanced Driving Simulator , University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa.
b Industrial and Systems Engineering , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2018;19(sup2):S175-S177. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2018.1532220.
Alcohol-impaired driving presents a continued risk for traffic safety and results in a significant proportion of fatalities on the roadway. We examined how alcohol at a 0.05% blood alcohol concentration (BAC) compares to 0.10% BAC (above the current U.S. legal limit) in terms of impact on driving performance.
Utilizing a within-subjects design, we recruited 108 healthy experienced drivers who were moderate to heavy drinkers. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, we administered placebo and alcohol at the 0.05% and 0.10% BAC levels in a standardized simulated driving protocol. Drives occurred on the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve. This analysis focuses on the urban portion of the drive Results: The study observed clear differences in performance for lateral and longitudinal driving performance and glance behavior. Variability in lane keeping and average speed increased with BAC level, with degraded performance observed at 0.05% BAC. The frequency of lane departures and percentage of time focused on the forward roadway at 0.05% BAC did not differ from placebo but differed from the 0.10% BAC level.
Overall, our results show that there is degraded performance in the urban driving environment and that much of that begins at or below the 0.05% BAC level.
酒后驾车对交通安全持续构成风险，导致道路上相当一部分死亡事故。我们研究了血液酒精浓度（BAC）为0.05%时的酒精与0.10% BAC（高于美国当前法定限值）对驾驶性能的影响相比如何。
采用受试者内设计，我们招募了108名健康的有经验的驾驶员，他们为中度至重度饮酒者。在双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉设计中，我们按照标准化模拟驾驶方案，给予安慰剂以及BAC水平为0.05%和0.10%的酒精。驾驶在血液酒精曲线的下降阶段进行。本分析聚焦于驾驶的城市路段。结果：研究观察到横向和纵向驾驶性能以及扫视行为在表现上存在明显差异。车道保持的变异性和平均速度随BAC水平增加，在BAC为0.05%时观察到性能下降。BAC为0.05%时车道偏离的频率和注视前方道路的时间百分比与安慰剂无差异，但与BAC为0.10%的水平不同。
总体而言，我们的结果表明在城市驾驶环境中存在性能下降，且其中大部分在BAC水平达到或低于0.05%时就已开始。
