Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.
Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 6;9(1):3709. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39709-x.
The northern corn rootworm (NCR), Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence, is a major pest of maize (Zea mays L.). This pest has developed resistance to insecticides and adapted to crop rotation and may already be in the early stages of adaptation to toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Toxicity bioassays using artificial diet have proven to be valuable for monitoring resistance in many species, but no artificial diet has been developed specifically for NCR larvae. Toward this end, we first evaluated known Diabrotica diets to identify a starting media. We then developed a specialized diet for NCR using an iterative approach. Screening designs including 8 diet components were performed to identify the principal nutritional components contributing to multiple developmental parameters (survival, weight, and molting). We then applied mixture designs coupled with response surface modeling to optimize a blend of those components. Finally, we validated an improved NCR diet formulation that supports approximately 97% survival and molting, and a 150% increase in larval weight after 10 days of feeding compared with the best previously published artificial diet. This formulation appears suitable for use in diet bioassays as a tool for evaluating the resistance of NCR populations to insecticides.
北方玉米根萤叶甲（NCR），Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence，是玉米（Zea mays L.）的主要害虫。这种害虫已经对杀虫剂产生了抗性，并适应了轮作，可能已经处于对苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）产生的毒素的适应早期阶段。使用人工饲料进行的毒性生物测定已被证明对监测许多物种的抗性非常有价值，但尚未专门为 NCR 幼虫开发人工饲料。为此，我们首先评估了已知的 Diabrotica 饮食，以确定起始培养基。然后，我们使用迭代方法为 NCR 开发了专门的饮食。进行了包括 8 种饮食成分的筛选设计，以确定对多个发育参数（存活率、体重和蜕皮）有贡献的主要营养成分。然后，我们应用混合设计并结合响应面建模来优化这些成分的混合物。最后，我们验证了一种改良的 NCR 饮食配方，与之前发表的最佳人工饮食相比，该配方在 10 天的喂养后支持约 97%的存活率和蜕皮，以及幼虫体重增加 150%。这种配方似乎适合用作评估 NCR 种群对杀虫剂抗性的饮食生物测定工具。
