美国基于人群的丙型肝炎病毒筛查。
Population-based screening of hepatitis C virus in the United States.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2019 May;35(3):177-182. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000520.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review summarized the recent evidence on the performance of population-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening, published and indexed to PubMed, in the Unite States during the 2-year window from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018.
RECENT FINDINGS
A majority of the selected articles in this review focused on the birth cohort 1945-1965 because of the HCV screening recommendations released after August 2012. However, the articles for the high-risk population applied to all ages because the recommendations for this specific population have remained largely unchanged since 1998. The reported rates of HCV screening varied substantially not only across the three different populations (i.e. general, underserved, and high-risk) but also within each population.
SUMMARY
More vigilant monitoring of HCV screening performance of younger birth cohorts is needed as these individuals have been experiencing a higher incidence of HCV infection than those in the birth cohort 1945-1965. In addition, to meet the goal of eliminating HCV infection as a US public health problem by 2030, significant improvement in more accurately and comprehensively reporting the trends in population-based HCV screening across different populations is warranted in the future.
目的综述
本综述总结了 2017 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间，美国在 PubMed 上发表的、基于人群的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）筛查的最新证据。
最近发现
本综述中选择的大多数文章都集中在 1945-1965 年出生的这一年龄段，这是因为 2012 年 8 月之后发布了 HCV 筛查建议。然而，高风险人群的文章适用于所有年龄段，因为自 1998 年以来，针对这一特定人群的建议基本没有改变。报告的 HCV 筛查率不仅在一般人群、服务不足人群和高风险人群这三个不同人群之间存在很大差异，而且在每个人群内部也存在很大差异。
总结
随着年龄较小的出生队列经历 HCV 感染的发病率高于 1945-1965 年出生队列，需要更密切地监测年轻出生队列的 HCV 筛查表现。此外，为了实现到 2030 年消除 HCV 感染作为美国公共卫生问题的目标，未来有必要在不同人群中更准确和全面地报告基于人群的 HCV 筛查趋势，以取得显著改善。
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