Noble Jordan N, Mishra Anjali
College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Comprehensive Cancer Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2019 Apr;14(2):119-126. doi: 10.1007/s11899-019-00504-0.
Animal models have played an indispensable role in interpreting cancer gene functions, pathogenesis of disease, and in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant biological pathways in human cancers.
These models have guided the therapeutic targeting of cancer-causing mutations and paved the way for assessing anti-cancer drug responses and the preclinical development of immunotherapies. The mammalian models of cancer utilize genetically edited or transplanted mice that develop fairly accurate disease histopathology. The mouse model also allows us to study the effect of tumor microenvironment in the development of lymphoma. The emergence of patient-derived xenografts provides a better opportunity for recapitulating primary lymphoma characteristics and researching personalized drug therapy. In conclusion, the refinement and advancement of available mouse models in lymphoma significantly minimize the therapeutic translational failures in patients.
动物模型在解释癌症基因功能、疾病发病机制以及开发针对人类癌症异常生物学途径的创新治疗方法方面发挥了不可或缺的作用。
这些模型指导了针对致癌突变的治疗靶向，为评估抗癌药物反应和免疫疗法的临床前开发铺平了道路。癌症的哺乳动物模型利用基因编辑或移植的小鼠，其能产生相当准确的疾病组织病理学。小鼠模型还使我们能够研究肿瘤微环境在淋巴瘤发展中的作用。患者来源的异种移植的出现为重现原发性淋巴瘤特征和研究个性化药物治疗提供了更好的机会。总之，现有淋巴瘤小鼠模型的完善和进步显著减少了患者治疗转化失败的情况。
