Division of Allergy/Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
J Asthma. 2020 May;57(5):487-494. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1585871. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
To evaluate how asthma-related emergency department visits (AREDV), air pollutant levels, pollen counts, and weather variables changed from 2001 to 2008 in the Bronx, NY. 42,065 daily AREDV values (1 January 2001 to 31 December 2008) were collected using our institution's Clinical Looking Glass software. Daily values of sulfur dioxide (SO), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O), nitrogen dioxide (NO), temperature, and humidity were obtained from the National Climatic Data Center's Bronx station. Daily tree pollen counts were obtained from the Armonk counting station near the Bronx. Median values for each variable were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test to compare 2001-2004 and 2005-2008 values. Simple linear regression examined associations between AREDV and individual pollutants. Due to seasonal variations of the variables, each season was considered separately. There were significant decreases for AREDV, SO, CO, and humidity for all seasons, and for NO in the spring and winter. Significant increases occurred for O in the spring, fall, and winter; for temperature in the summer and winter; and for tree pollen in the spring. Significant positive associations were found between AREDV and SO, CO, NO, and humidity, respectively, while significant negative associations were found between AREDV and O and temperature, respectively. From 2001 to 2008, significant: a) decreases in AREDV, SO, CO, and humidity for all seasons, and decreases in NO for the spring and winter; and b) increases in O, temperature, and spring tree pollen were observed. By tracking and anticipating environmental and pollutant changes, efforts can be made to minimize AREDV.
为了评估 2001 年至 2008 年期间纽约布朗克斯区哮喘相关急诊就诊（AREDV）、空气污染物水平、花粉计数和天气变量的变化情况。使用我们机构的 Clinical Looking Glass 软件收集了 42065 个每日 AREDV 值（2001 年 1 月 1 日至 2008 年 12 月 31 日）。从国家气候数据中心的布朗克斯站获得了每日二氧化硫（SO）、一氧化碳（CO）、臭氧（O）、二氧化氮（NO）、温度和湿度值。每日树木花粉计数从布朗克斯附近的阿蒙克计数站获得。使用 Mann-Whitney 检验分析了每个变量的中位数值，以比较 2001-2004 年和 2005-2008 年的值。简单线性回归检查了 AREDV 与单个污染物之间的关联。由于变量的季节性变化，每个季节分别考虑。所有季节的 AREDV、SO、CO 和湿度均显著下降，春季和冬季的 NO 也显著下降。春季、秋季和冬季 O 显著增加；夏季和冬季温度升高；春季树木花粉增加。发现 AREDV 与 SO、CO、NO 和湿度分别呈显著正相关，而 AREDV 与 O 和温度分别呈显著负相关。从 2001 年到 2008 年，观察到：a）所有季节的 AREDV、SO、CO 和湿度均显著下降，春季和冬季的 NO 也显著下降；b）O、温度和春季树木花粉均显著增加。通过跟踪和预测环境和污染物变化，可以努力将 AREDV 降至最低。
