Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Lab of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2019 Jun 5;371:165-174. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.085. Epub 2019 Feb 23.
Oily wastewater is a worldwide problem threatening the environment and humans. High flux and low-energy consumption separation of oil and water is urgently required but still faces great challenges. In this study, nanofibrous membranes with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic surfaces were fabricated by grafting acrylic acid onto plasma-treated electrospun polystyrene/polyacrylonitrile (PS/PAN) membranes. The morphologies, chemical compositions, mechanical and surface properties of the membranes were examined in detail. The water contact angles of the PS/PAN membranes were 137.4°, 130.1°, 119.5°, 88.1° and 80.2°, respectively, which decreased to 76.5°, 47.9°, 34.4°, 0° and 0° after grafting treatment, proving that the modification improved the surface hydrophilicity of the membranes due to the introduction of hydrophilic groups. In addition, a gravity-driven filtration device was utilized to investigate the oil/water separation potential of the membranes. The results indicated that the grafted PS/PAN membranes separated the layered oil/water mixtures with permeate flux up to 57509 L m h, while high fluxes of 1390-6460 L m h for the separation of different oil-in-water emulsions. Importantly, the membranes still maintained high flux and efficiency even after several cycles of separation. Therefore, the reusable membranes can be expected to be potential cost-effective materials for oil/water treatment.
含油废水是一个全球性的问题，威胁着环境和人类的健康。因此，人们迫切需要开发高通量、低能耗的油水分离技术，但这仍然面临着巨大的挑战。在这项研究中，通过在等离子体处理的静电纺丝聚苯乙烯/聚丙烯腈（PS/PAN）膜上接枝丙烯酸，制备出具有超亲水和水下超疏油表面的纳米纤维膜。详细研究了膜的形态、化学组成、力学和表面性能。PS/PAN 膜的水接触角分别为 137.4°、130.1°、119.5°、88.1°和 80.2°，接枝处理后分别降至 76.5°、47.9°、34.4°、0°和 0°，证明由于引入了亲水性基团，改性提高了膜的表面亲水性。此外，利用重力驱动过滤装置研究了膜的油水分离潜力。结果表明，接枝 PS/PAN 膜可以分离分层的油/水混合物，透过通量高达 57509 L m h，同时还可以高效分离不同的水包油乳液，通量高达 1390-6460 L m h。重要的是，即使经过多次分离循环，膜仍保持高通量和高效率。因此，这种可重复使用的膜有望成为用于油水分离的具有成本效益的潜在材料。
