人权的相互依存性与不可分割性：审视水和卫生设施权
Human rights' interdependence and indivisibility: a glance over the human rights to water and sanitation.
作者信息
Neves-Silva Priscila, Martins Giselle Isabele, Heller Léo
机构信息
René Rachou Institute - Fiocruz Minas, Augusto de Lima Avenue, 1715 CEP: 30, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 190-002, Brazil.
出版信息
BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2019 Mar 8;19(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12914-019-0197-3.
BACKGROUND
In 1948 the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drawn up. The content of this document was further reflected two treaties, the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. To try to maintain the interrelationship between the rights contained in each document, the idea that all rights are interdependent and indivisible was stressed. Based on this vision, this study aimed to explore the extent to which the violation of the human rights to water and sanitation interferes with the guarantee of other rights, addressing the principles of interdependence and indivisibility.
METHODS
For that, 24 homeless, in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, were interviewed. Individual and group interviews were carried out in addition to participant observation. The content analysis was used in order to analyze the data collected.
RESULTS
The research found that violation of the rights to water and sanitation promotes violation of other rights, such as health and education rights, strengthening the view of rights' interdependence and indivisibility.
CONCLUSION
It is important to affirm that the protection of human rights must be consolidated at an operational and normative level, aligned to concepts of indivisibility and interdependence as it has been proposed for approximately seven decades.
背景
1948年《世界人权宣言》起草完成。该文件的内容在另外两项条约中得到进一步体现，即《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》以及《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》。为努力维系每份文件所包含权利之间的相互关系，人们强调了所有权利相互依存、不可分割的理念。基于这一观点，本研究旨在探讨侵犯水和卫生设施方面的人权在多大程度上会干扰其他权利的保障，探讨相互依存和不可分割的原则。
方法
为此，对巴西贝洛奥里藏特市的24名无家可归者进行了访谈。除参与观察外，还进行了个人访谈和小组访谈。为分析所收集的数据，采用了内容分析法。
结果
研究发现，侵犯水和卫生设施方面的权利会促使其他权利遭到侵犯，如健康权和受教育权，强化了权利相互依存和不可分割的观点。
结论
必须确认，人权保护必须在操作层面和规范层面得到巩固，与大约70年来所倡导的不可分割和相互依存的概念保持一致，这一点很重要。
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