Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Virus Res. 2019 May;265:80-87. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.02.008. Epub 2019 Mar 8.
Recent results indicate that mitoviruses, which replicate persistently in host mitochondria, are not restricted to fungi, but instead are found also in plants. Beta vulgaris mitovirus 1 (BevuMV1) is an example first discovered in sugar beet cultivars. For the current study, complete coding sequences of 42 BevuMV1 strains were newly determined, derived from not only sugar beet but also fodder beet, table beet, and Swiss chard cultivars of Beta vulgaris, as well as wild sea beet. BevuMV1 is thus a common phytobiome component of this valuable crop species. Most of the new BevuMV1 sequences originated from RNA extracted from B. vulgaris seed clusters, consistent with vertical transmission of this virus. Results suggest that BevuMV1 entered the B. vulgaris lineage prior to human cultivation and also provides a marker for tracing the maternal ancestry of B. vulgaris cultivars. Especially notable is the monophyletic relationship and limited sequence divergence among BevuMV1 strains from cultivars that are thought or shown to share the "Owen" trait for cytoplasmic male sterility, which is transmitted by maternal mitochondria and has been broadly established in commercial breeding lines of B. vulgaris since the mid-20 century.
最近的研究结果表明，复制并持续存在于宿主线粒体中的伴生病毒并不仅限于真菌，而是也存在于植物中。甜菜花叶病毒 1（BevuMV1）是在糖甜菜品种中首次发现的一个例子。在当前的研究中，新确定了 42 株 BevuMV1 毒株的完整编码序列，这些毒株不仅来自糖甜菜，还来自饲料甜菜、食用甜菜和瑞士甜菜等 Beta vulgaris 品种，以及野生海甜菜。因此，BevuMV1 是这种有价值作物物种的常见植物生物群落成分。大多数新的 BevuMV1 序列源自从 Beta vulgaris 种子簇中提取的 RNA，这与该病毒的垂直传播一致。结果表明，BevuMV1 在人类种植之前就进入了 Beta vulgaris 谱系，并且还为追踪 Beta vulgaris 品种的母系祖先提供了一个标记。特别值得注意的是，来自被认为或显示出具有细胞质雄性不育“欧文”特性的品种的 BevuMV1 毒株之间存在单系关系和有限的序列差异，这种特性通过母系线粒体传递，自 20 世纪中叶以来，已广泛应用于 Beta vulgaris 的商业育种种系中。
