Marramà Giuseppe, Bannikov Alexandre F, Kriwet Jürgen, Carnevale Giorgio
Department of Palaeontology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria.
Borisyak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Profsoyuznaya 123 Moscow 117647 Russia.
Pap Palaeontol. 2019 Feb;5(1):83-98. doi: 10.1002/spp2.1230. Epub 2018 Jul 30.
A new double-armoured herring of the clupeomorph order Ellimmichthyiformes, gen. et sp. nov., is described herein based on a single partially complete specimen from the early Eocene Pesciara site of the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, north-eastern Italy. The fossil documented herein exhibits a unique combination of features (e.g. ornamentation of the skull bones; medial fusion of the contralateral halves of the neural arches of abdominal vertebrae; teeth on endopterygoid, parhypural fused to the first preural centrum; presence of a short series of 6 (or 7) predorsal scutes increasing in size posteriorly; postpelvic scutes bearing very prominent spines), which clearly supports its recognition as a new genus and species of the family Paraclupeidae. Evidence is provided to show that gen. nov. is most closely related phylogenetically to the Early Cretaceous genus . The new taxon described herein represents the youngest marine occurrence of the family Paraclupeidae and, more generally, of the order Ellimmichthyiformes, suggesting that the shallow marine settings of the Tethys might have favoured the persistence of certain fish lineages that were severely affected by the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.
本文基于来自意大利东北部博尔卡 konservat - Lagerstätte 始新世早期佩斯恰拉遗址的一个部分完整的单一标本，描述了鲱形目 Ellimmichthyiformes 的一种新的双甲鲱，新属新种。本文记录的化石展现出独特的特征组合（例如头骨骨骼的纹饰；腹部椎骨神经弓对侧两半的内侧融合；内翼骨上有牙齿，副尾下骨与第一尾前椎体融合；存在一系列短的 6（或 7）个背前鳞，向后尺寸增大；臀后鳞带有非常突出的棘），这明确支持将其识别为副鲱科的一个新属和新种。有证据表明该新属在系统发育上与早白垩世的属关系最为密切。本文描述的新分类单元代表了副鲱科以及更广泛的 Ellimmichthyiformes 目中最年轻的海洋记录，这表明特提斯海的浅海环境可能有利于某些在白垩纪末大灭绝中受到严重影响的鱼类谱系的存续。
