Xin Yue, Yang Jian, Song Kuang-Yu
Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China.
Dept. of Microbiology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Feb 1;37(1):48-52. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.009.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of XP-endo Finisher (XPF) file and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in the smear layer removal of the root canal.
A total of 60 human single-rooted premolars were selected and decoronated to standardize their canal length to 16 mm. Tooth samples were prepared using a S3 rotary system to prepare root canal with the file size of 3S and then randomly divided into 6 groups according to the final irrigation protocol, as follows: XPF 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min (group A); XPF 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min, followed by 4 mL of 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 1 min (group B); PUI of 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min (group C); PUI of 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min, followed by 4 mL of 17% EDTA for 1 min (group D); 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min by using a syringe and a 30 G side-vented needle (group E); and 3 mL of 3% NaOCl for 1 min by using a syringe and a 30 G side-vented needle, followed by 4 mL of 17% EDTA for 1 min (group F). After the completion of the root canal preparation, the teeth were split into two longitudinally. The mean numbers of the visible open dentinal tubules in the apical and middle thirds of the root canals were evaluated via scanning electron microscope.
The whole surfaces of the root canals in groups A, C, and E were covered by a smear layer. Groups A and C possessed significantly higher number of visible open dentinal tubules than in group E (P<0.05), with statistically insignificant difference between groups A and C (P>0.05). The apical third of the samples in groups B and D and in the middle thirds of canals in group F exhibited a small amount of smear layer, and the dentinal tubules were open or semi-open. The root canal surfaces in the apical third of the samples in group F were covered by a smear layer, and the dentinal tubules were sealed or semisealed. The smear layers in the middle third of the samples in groups B and D were removed, and the dentinal tubules were more visibly open than those of the four other groups (P<0.05). The difference between groups B and D were statistically insignificant (P>0.05).
The difference between XPF and PUI in terms of the smear layer removal of the root canals was insignificant. Hence, XPF, as a new irrigation agitation technique, can aid in improving smear layer removal.
本研究旨在评估XP-endo Finisher（XPF）锉和被动超声冲洗（PUI）在去除根管玷污层方面的有效性。
共选取60颗人单根前磨牙，截冠后将根管长度标准化为16 mm。使用S3旋转系统用3S号锉预备根管，然后根据最终冲洗方案将牙齿样本随机分为6组，如下：XPF组用3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟（A组）；XPF组先用3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟，接着用4 mL 17%乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）冲洗1分钟（B组）；PUI组用3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟（C组）；PUI组先用3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟，接着用4 mL 17% EDTA冲洗1分钟（D组）；用注射器和30G侧孔针注入3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟（E组）；用注射器和30G侧孔针注入3 mL 3%次氯酸钠冲洗1分钟，接着用4 mL 17% EDTA冲洗1分钟（F组）。根管预备完成后，将牙齿纵向劈成两半。通过扫描电子显微镜评估根管根尖三分之一和中三分之一处可见开放牙本质小管的平均数。
A组、C组和E组根管的整个表面均被玷污层覆盖。A组和C组可见开放牙本质小管的数量显著高于E组（P<0.05），A组和C组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。B组和D组样本的根尖三分之一以及F组根管的中三分之一处有少量玷污层，牙本质小管开放或半开放。F组样本根尖三分之一处的根管表面被玷污层覆盖，牙本质小管封闭或半封闭。B组和D组样本中三分之一处的玷污层被去除，牙本质小管比其他四组更明显地开放（P<0.05）。B组和D组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
XPF和PUI在去除根管玷污层方面的差异不显著。因此，XPF作为一种新的冲洗搅拌技术，有助于改善玷污层的去除。
