Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
J Med Entomol. 2019 Jun 27;56(4):1055-1063. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz021.
The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) transmits several devastating arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus, making development of inexpensive and eco-friendly strategies for its control an urgent priority. We evaluated the lethality of 13 commonly used plant-derived edible oils against late-third instar Ae. aegypti and then tested the three most lethal oils for stage-specific differences in lethality. We also examined the effects of the most lethal (hempseed), moderately lethal (sunflower and peanut), and least lethal (olive) oils on survival to adulthood and oviposition behavior of gravid females. We hypothesized that the insecticidal activity of edible oils is a function of the content of their linoleic acid, a key fatty acid component with film-forming properties. Among the 13 oils tested, hempseed oil was the most lethal, with an LC50 of 348.25 ppm, followed by sesame (670.44 ppm) and pumpkinseed (826.91 ppm) oils. Oils with higher linoleic acid content were more lethal to larvae than those with low linoleic acid content. Furthermore, pure concentrated linoleic acid was more lethal to larvae compared to any edible oil. In comparison to early instars, late instars were more susceptible to hempseed, sunflower, peanut, and olive oils; these oils also acted as oviposition deterrents, with effective repellency ≥63%. The proportion of larvae surviving to adulthood was significantly reduced in hempseed, sunflower, peanut, and olive oil treatments relative to controls. Our results suggest that some edible plant oils have potential as effective, eco-friendly larvicides, and oviposition deterrents for controlling container-dwelling mosquitoes, especially in resource-limited settings.
黄热病蚊子，埃及伊蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）传播几种破坏性的虫媒病毒，包括登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒，因此开发廉价且环保的控制方法是当务之急。我们评估了 13 种常用的植物源性食用油对第三代末龄埃及伊蚊的致死率，然后测试了三种最致命的油对特定龄期的致死率差异。我们还检查了最致命的油（大麻籽油）、中度致命的油（葵花籽油和花生油）和最不致命的油（橄榄油）对雌蚊成虫存活率和产卵行为的影响。我们假设食用植物油的杀虫活性是其亚油酸含量的函数，亚油酸是一种具有成膜特性的关键脂肪酸成分。在所测试的 13 种油中，大麻籽油最致命，LC50 为 348.25ppm，其次是芝麻油（670.44ppm）和南瓜籽油（826.91ppm）。亚油酸含量较高的油对幼虫的致死率高于亚油酸含量较低的油。此外，与任何食用油相比，纯浓缩亚油酸对幼虫的致死率更高。与早期龄期相比，晚期龄期对大麻籽油、葵花籽油、花生油和橄榄油更敏感；这些油还具有产卵驱避作用，有效驱避率≥63%。与对照组相比，幼虫在大麻籽油、葵花籽油、花生油和橄榄油处理组中存活至成虫的比例显著降低。我们的结果表明，一些食用植物油具有作为有效、环保的杀幼虫剂和产卵驱避剂控制容器栖息蚊子的潜力，特别是在资源有限的环境中。
