Kesarev V S, Borisenko O V
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1986 Mar;90(3):17-23.
Comparative ontogenetic investigation of cytoarchitectonics of the cerebral neocortex has been performed in Cetacea and Primates using paraffin frontal and sagittal cerebral sections stained after Nissl. Cerebral hemispheres of dolphins, whales, monkeys and human being have been studied at various periods of prenatal development and in mature individuals. The comparison has been made at similar stages of cytoarchitectonical differentiation of the cortical plate. At two first stages of the prenatal ontogenesis (formation of the cortical plate and its differentiation into layers) there is not any principle differences between the Cetacea and Primates. Peculiarities of the cerebral cortical plate differentiation in the Cetacea (absence of the internal granular layer IV) is determined at the stage of stratification. Similar agranular character of the cerebral cortex differentiation is maintained during the whole subsequent ontogenesis in the Cetacea (heterogenetic type of the neocortex after Brodman). Absence of the layer IV in the cerebral neocortex determines some other principles in the spatial organization of the cortical-subcortical and in the intracortical connections in the Cetacea brain. This is confirmed by modern data of morphological and electrophysiological investigations. Perhaps, a comparatively more simple initial architectonics of the Cetacea brain limited the level of their functional possibilities, the latter is comparable only with anthropoid apes.
利用尼氏染色后的石蜡额叶和矢状脑切片，对鲸目动物和灵长类动物大脑新皮质的细胞构筑进行了比较个体发育研究。对海豚、鲸鱼、猴子和人类的大脑半球在产前发育的不同阶段以及成年个体中进行了研究。在皮质板细胞构筑分化的相似阶段进行了比较。在产前个体发育的前两个阶段（皮质板的形成及其分层），鲸目动物和灵长类动物之间没有任何本质区别。鲸目动物大脑皮质板分化的特点（缺乏内颗粒层IV）在分层阶段就已确定。在整个随后的个体发育过程中，鲸目动物大脑皮质的这种无颗粒特征得以保持（布罗德曼分类法中的异源型新皮质）。大脑新皮质中缺乏IV层决定了鲸目动物大脑皮质 - 皮质下空间组织和皮质内连接的一些其他原则。这得到了形态学和电生理学研究的现代数据的证实。也许，鲸目动物大脑相对更简单的初始结构限制了它们功能可能性的水平，后者仅与类人猿相当。
