Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e NeuroMotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK; Studi Cognitivi, sedi di Milano, S. Benedetto del Tronto, Genova, Italy.
Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK; Studi Cognitivi, sedi di Milano, S. Benedetto del Tronto, Genova, Italy; Sigmund Freud University, Milano, Italy.
Addict Behav. 2019 Aug;95:70-76. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.03.004. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
Research has indicated that craving is one of the strongest predictors of treatment outcome and relapse in Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) but there is little consensus on the factors that may influence its activation and escalation. Research has also shown that desire thinking is an important cognitive process which may exacerbate craving in problem drinkers. The aim of present study was to explore, for the first time, the role of desire thinking in prospectively predicting relapse, craving and binge drinking in patients receiving treatment for AUD. One hundred and thirty-five patients admitted to two rehabilitation centres and two outpatient services for addiction and mental health problems were administered baseline, treatment completion and three months follow-up measures of anxiety and depression, AUD severity, binge drinking frequency, craving and desire thinking. Results indicated that the verbal perseveration component of desire thinking at treatment completion was the only significant predictor of relapse at follow-up over and above baseline AUD severity and binge drinking frequency. Furthermore, the imaginal prefiguration component of desire thinking and craving levels at treatment completion were found to predict craving levels at follow-up independently of AUD severity and binge drinking frequency at baseline. Finally, both the imaginal prefiguration and verbal perseveration components of desire thinking at treatment completion were found to be the only predictors of binge drinking frequency at follow-up independently of AUD severity and binge drinking frequency at baseline. Treatments for AUD should aim to reduce desire thinking in people to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce relapse risk.
研究表明，渴望是酒精使用障碍（AUD）治疗结果和复发的最强预测因素之一，但对于可能影响其激活和升级的因素，尚未达成共识。研究还表明，欲望思维是一种重要的认知过程，可能会使问题饮酒者的渴望加剧。本研究的目的是首次探讨欲望思维在预测接受 AUD 治疗的患者复发、渴望和 binge drinking 方面的前瞻性作用。135 名因酗酒和心理健康问题而被收治到两个康复中心和两个门诊服务机构的患者接受了基线、治疗结束和三个月随访时的焦虑和抑郁、AUD 严重程度、binge drinking 频率、渴望和欲望思维的评估。结果表明，治疗结束时的欲望思维中的言语持续成分是复发的唯一显著预测因素，超过了基线时 AUD 严重程度和 binge drinking 频率。此外，治疗结束时欲望思维的想象预演成分和渴望水平独立于基线时 AUD 严重程度和 binge drinking 频率，预测了随访时的渴望水平。最后，治疗结束时的欲望思维的想象预演和言语持续成分均被发现是随访时 binge drinking 频率的唯一预测因素，独立于基线时 AUD 严重程度和 binge drinking 频率。AUD 的治疗应该旨在减少人们的欲望思维，以提高临床结果并降低复发风险。
