Johnson S B, Kleinhenz M D, Dwyer J D, Griffin T, Olanya O M, Lambert D H, Porter G A
University of Maine, Co-operative Extension, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono 04469.
University of Maine, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 5722 Deering Hall, Orono 04469.
Plant Dis. 1998 Jul;82(7):832. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.7.832B.
White mold or Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de-Bary) was first observed on soybean varieties in a variety trial at the Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station, Presque Isle, and in commercial soybean fields in late July and August 1997. Symptoms and signs included stem bleaching, fluffy white mycelial growth on soybean stems and foliage, and presence of sclerotia typical of white mold. Disease assessment, based on symptoms, was conducted on the varieties in the trial in the experiment station. Field observations on disease occurrence were also conducted in commercial soybean fields in northern Maine. In the variety trial experiment, mean incidence (%) of white mold ranged from 0 to 6.8% on Lambert, APK007, P9092, P9132, and Stine varieties. No white mold was detected on P9071, P9007, Korada, Bravor, Ugo, APK020, and Aquillon varieties. Of the infected varieties, incidence of white mold was detected in 10 of 33 fields examined. This is the first report of the occurrence of white mold on soybean in Maine. Because of large-scale commercial potato production in the region, and previous occurrence of white mold on potato, it is likely that the pathogen is present in soils of various commercial potato fields in Maine. Precautions should, therefore, be taken in introducing resistant varieties and ensuring proper rotation and cropping sequences as soybean production increases in Maine.
白霉病或核盘菌茎腐病（核盘菌（Lib）德巴里）于1997年7月下旬和8月在缅因州普雷斯克岛的缅因农业和森林实验站的一个大豆品种试验中以及商业大豆田中首次在大豆品种上被观察到。症状和病征包括茎部变白、大豆茎和叶片上有蓬松的白色菌丝生长以及存在典型的白霉病菌核。基于症状对实验站试验中的品种进行了病害评估。还在缅因州北部的商业大豆田中对病害发生情况进行了田间观察。在品种试验中，兰伯特、APK007、P9092、P9132和斯泰因品种上白霉病的平均发病率在0%至6.8%之间。在P9071、P9007、科拉达、布拉沃、乌戈、APK020和阿基隆品种上未检测到白霉病。在受感染的品种中，在所检查的33个田块中有10个检测到了白霉病的发病率。这是缅因州大豆上发生白霉病的首次报告。由于该地区大规模商业化种植马铃薯，且之前马铃薯上发生过白霉病，很可能缅因州各商业马铃薯田的土壤中存在该病原菌。因此，随着缅因州大豆产量的增加，在引入抗性品种以及确保适当轮作和种植顺序方面应采取预防措施。
