Department of Neurology, PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Neurol India. 2019 Jan-Feb;67(1):123-128. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.253587.
Visual misperceptions (VMs) and hallucinations (VHs) often go unreported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We assessed the utility of single and bistable visual percepts as testing tools for visual perceptual abnormalities in PD.
To assess VM in patients with PD using single and bistable percepts as testing tools.
This was a case-control study conducted at a movement disorders clinic.
Thirty patients with PD and 30 age and sex-matched controls were assessed for motor severity and stage using Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (UPDRS-III) and modified Hoehn and Yahr scale. Higher mental functions were assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Trail making tests (TMT-A and B) scores. The participants were presented with monochromatic images representing either "single" or "bistable percepts" and the misperceptions were recorded. VM scores of patients and controls were compared. The correlation between disease duration, treatment period, motor severity, frontal executive functions, and VMs were determined.
Twenty-six patients had mild-to-moderate PD. Patients with PD had higher mean VM scores (P < 0.0005). None of the patients reported VHs. TMT-A, TMT-B, TMT-B - A scores were significantly lower in the control group (P < 0.0005). Cases showed significant positive correlation of VM with disease duration, treatment duration, UPDRS-III score, H and Y stage, and TMT A and B and an inverse correlation with MMSE and FAB scores. The patients with VM score greater than the upper limit of normal (Mean + 1.5 standard deviation [SD]), calculated from the control group, showed similar correlation of VM with motor and cognitive parameters.
VMs are frequent in patients with PD when assessed using single and bistable visual percepts. VM correlates with frontal executive dysfunction, disease duration, and severity.
视觉错觉（VM）和幻觉（VH）在帕金森病（PD）患者中经常未被报告。我们评估了使用单稳态和双稳态视觉知觉作为测试工具来检测 PD 患者视觉知觉异常的效用。
使用单稳态和双稳态知觉作为测试工具来评估 PD 患者的 VM。
这是一项在运动障碍诊所进行的病例对照研究。
对 30 名 PD 患者和 30 名年龄和性别匹配的对照者进行运动严重程度和阶段的评估，使用统一帕金森病评定量表-III（UPDRS-III）和改良 Hoehn 和 Yahr 量表。通过简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、额叶评估量表（FAB）和连线测试 A 和 B（TMT-A 和 B）评分评估高级心理功能。向参与者呈现代表“单稳态”或“双稳态知觉”的单色图像，并记录错觉。比较患者和对照组的 VM 评分。确定疾病持续时间、治疗期、运动严重程度、额叶执行功能与 VM 之间的相关性。
26 名患者患有轻度至中度 PD。PD 患者的平均 VM 评分较高（P < 0.0005）。患者中无人报告 VH。对照组的 TMT-A、TMT-B 和 TMT-B - A 评分显著较低（P < 0.0005）。病例组的 VM 与疾病持续时间、治疗持续时间、UPDRS-III 评分、H 和 Y 分期以及 TMT A 和 B 呈显著正相关，与 MMSE 和 FAB 评分呈显著负相关。VM 评分大于对照组（Mean + 1.5 standard deviation [SD]）的上限的患者，其 VM 与运动和认知参数的相关性相似。
当使用单稳态和双稳态视觉知觉评估时，PD 患者的 VM 很常见。VM 与额叶执行功能障碍、疾病持续时间和严重程度相关。
