Ahmadpour Amir, Christensen Rachael G, Zarrin Mousa, Farjood Farhad, Ahmadpour Ahmadali
Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, 4815 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
USDA-ARS, Northern Great Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Mandan, ND, 58554, USA.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Jul;51(6):1651-1660. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-01860-y. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
Based on current knowledge, C16 and C18 fatty acids (FA) are considered the most functional FA in hepatic metabolism. Although these FAs have been satisfyingly investigated in cattle, other species such as camel have been neglected. For this reason, the current study was designed to scrutinize changing patterns of C16 and C18 FAs in 10 dromedary camels from the last 2 months of gestation to the first months of lactation. Camels were grazed on natural pasture and supplemented with a balanced ration. Liver biopsies were obtained through blind biopsy technique at about 60, 45, 30, and 15-day antepartum (AP), and at 3, 15, 30, 45, and 60 post-partum (PP). Data were analyzed by the ANOVA procedure of SPSS with repeated measurements. From 15-day AP, saturated FA content of the liver declined (P < 0.01) and 15-day PP reached its peak (P = 0.02). At 30-day PP it went down (P < 0.01), and re-elevated at 45-day PP (P < 0.01) but remained at a steady state for the duration of the study. Mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated FA content of hepatic tissue were constant throughout AP, albeit observed to peak at 15-day AP compared with 45 (P = 0.04) and 30-day AP (P < 0.01) for mono-unsaturated FAs, and with 60-, 45-, and 30-day AP (P ≤ 0.01) for polyunsaturated FAs. The palmitic acid content of the liver reached a nadir at 30-day AP (P < 0.01), increased sharply (P < 0.01) at the next sampling time-point, and had a trend to escalate until 3-day PP. Palmitoleic acid levels were unchanged from 60- to 30-day AP, decreased at 15 AP and 3-day PP, increased at 15-day PP, then remained constant until the end of the study period (P ≤ 0.04). Stearic acid content started to grow at 15-day AP and reached its peak at 15-day PP (P < 0.01). At 30-day PP, stearic level in liver dropped abruptly (P < 0.01), then intensified at 45-day PP and did not change after; hepatic content of stearic acid was lower during AP compared with PP time-points. Other C18 FAs changed significantly during the study period. These results suggest that parturition could have a profound effect on FA composition and other metabolites in camel liver. Further research is required to establish the metabolic mechanism behind these changes.
基于目前的知识，C16和C18脂肪酸（FA）被认为是肝脏代谢中最具功能的脂肪酸。尽管这些脂肪酸在牛身上已得到充分研究，但骆驼等其他物种却被忽视了。因此，本研究旨在仔细观察10峰单峰骆驼从妊娠最后2个月到泌乳前几个月C16和C18脂肪酸的变化模式。骆驼在天然牧场上放牧，并补充均衡日粮。通过盲活检技术在产前（AP）约60、45、30和15天以及产后（PP）3、15、30、45和60天获取肝脏活检样本。数据采用SPSS的方差分析程序进行重复测量分析。从产前15天起，肝脏中饱和脂肪酸含量下降（P < 0.01），产后15天达到峰值（P = 0.02）。产后30天下降（P < 0.01），产后45天再次升高（P < 0.01），但在研究期间保持稳定状态。肝脏组织中的单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量在整个产前阶段保持恒定，尽管观察到单不饱和脂肪酸在产前15天达到峰值，与产前45天（P = 0.04）和30天（P < 0.01）相比；多不饱和脂肪酸与产前60天、45天和30天相比（P ≤ 0.01）。肝脏中棕榈酸含量在产前30天达到最低点（P < 0.01），在下一个采样时间点急剧增加（P < 0.01），并呈上升趋势直至产后3天。棕榈油酸水平在产前60天至30天保持不变，在产前15天和产后3天下降，在产后15天增加，然后在研究期结束前保持恒定（P ≤ 0.04）。硬脂酸含量在产前15天开始增加，在产后15天达到峰值（P < 0.01）。产后30天，肝脏中硬脂酸水平突然下降（P < 0.01），然后在产后45天升高，之后不再变化；与产后时间点相比，产前肝脏中硬脂酸含量较低。在研究期间，其他C18脂肪酸发生了显著变化。这些结果表明，分娩可能对骆驼肝脏中的脂肪酸组成和其他代谢产物产生深远影响。需要进一步研究以确定这些变化背后的代谢机制。
