Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Mar 12;12(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3361-7.
Troglostrongylus brevior, a lungworm usually affecting wild felids, has been recently recorded in a number of cases in domestic cats, mainly in Mediterranean areas. Although feline troglostrongylosis is a severe and life-threatening disease, especially in young cats, treatment options are very limited. The present study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a spot-on formulation containing emodepside 2.1% and praziquantel 8.6% (Profender, Bayer), which is licensed for treatment of the more common cat lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, for the treatment of natural troglostrongylosis.
Sixteen cats enrolled in the study were 1:1 allocated to two groups, i.e. Group T, treated with Profender spot-on on days 0 and 14 (± 2) at the recommended clinical dose, and Group C which remained untreated. After study completion, the control cats received two rescue treatments with Profender on days 28 (± 2) and 42 (± 2). The primary efficacy criterion was the absence of T. brevior L1 following treatment. Other efficacy parameters were the quantitative comparison of L1 presence before (baseline) and after treatment in both groups, and the comparison of clinical signs pre- and post-treatment.
In terms of stopping larval shedding, Profender showed an efficacy of 97% and 97.5% (arithmetic and geometric means, respectively) for group T, 97.1% and 98.5% for group C after one administration, and 100% for both groups after two doses. Overall, 12 cats showed clinical signs related to T. brevior. Specifically, 9 were clinically affected before treatment while clinical signs appeared after the first treatment in 3 cats. At the end of the study, all symptomatic cats fully recovered with the exception of 3 cats that showed clinical signs similar to those observed at the pre-treatment examination at the end of the study.
This study shows that Profender is effective against T. brevior.
短首肺吸虫，一种通常影响野生猫科动物的肺吸虫，最近在许多家猫病例中被记录，主要在地中海地区。虽然猫类短首肺吸虫病是一种严重且危及生命的疾病，特别是在幼猫中，但治疗选择非常有限。本研究评估了含有依维菌素 2.1%和吡喹酮 8.6%的滴剂制剂（Profender，拜耳）的疗效和安全性，该制剂被批准用于治疗更为常见的猫肺吸虫 Aelurostrongylus abstrusus，用于治疗自然发生的短首肺吸虫病。
16 只猫被纳入研究，按 1:1 分为两组，即 T 组，用 Profender 滴剂在第 0 天和第 14 天（±2）按推荐的临床剂量治疗，C 组为对照组，不进行治疗。研究结束后，对照组猫在第 28 天（±2）和第 42 天（±2）接受两次 Profender 抢救治疗。主要疗效标准是治疗后无短首肺吸虫 L1。其他疗效参数是两组治疗前后 L1 存在的定量比较，以及治疗前后临床症状的比较。
在停止幼虫脱落方面，Profender 在 T 组中的疗效分别为 97%和 97.5%（算术和几何平均值），C 组中的疗效分别为 97.1%和 98.5%，两组在一次给药后均为 100%，在两次给药后均为 100%。总体而言，12 只猫出现与短首肺吸虫相关的临床症状。具体来说，9 只猫在治疗前有临床症状，而 3 只猫在第一次治疗后出现临床症状。研究结束时，所有有症状的猫都完全康复，除了 3 只猫在研究结束时的检查中出现与治疗前检查相似的临床症状。
本研究表明 Profender 对短首肺吸虫有效。
