Kleid M S, Millar H S
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986 Apr;94(4):480-6. doi: 10.1177/019459988609400413.
Epistaxis from the internal carotid artery (ICA) or bleeding from the ICA at the skull base is a rare, frightening, and difficult management problem. We present five cases, with a variety of causes--in all of which the patients survived massive hemorrhage--and suggest a protocol for management of the condition.
来自颈内动脉（ICA）的鼻出血或颅底颈内动脉出血是一个罕见、可怕且处理困难的问题。我们报告了5例病因各异的病例——所有患者均在大出血后存活——并提出了针对该病症的处理方案。
