老年护理机构中的质地改良饮食：营养、吞咽安全与用餐体验。
Texture-modified diets in aged care facilities: Nutrition, swallow safety and mealtime experience.
作者信息
Miles Anna, Liang Victoria, Sekula Julia, Broadmore Sharon, Owen Paul, Braakhuis Andrea J
机构信息
Faculty of Science, Speech Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Discipline of Nutrition, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
出版信息
Australas J Ageing. 2020 Mar;39(1):31-39. doi: 10.1111/ajag.12640. Epub 2019 Mar 13.
OBJECTIVES
Over 35 000 people live in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) in New Zealand. Texture-modified diets (TMDs) are commonplace. They are associated with malnutrition. The aim of this study was to characterise TMD prevalence and practice in RACFs.
METHODS
Data from 35 460 residents were extracted from the interRAI™ database. Mealtime observations (including 459 residents), meal audits (IDDSI, 2018) and menu audits (Dietitians New Zealand Menu Audit Tool for RACFs 2013) were completed at 10 RACFs.
RESULTS
One-third of residents were on TMDs. Half the residents ate full meals. Feeding assistance was more common in residents on TMDs compared to those on regular diets (P < 0.001). The majority of pureed meals met IDDSI standards; none of soft and bite-sized meals complied. TMD carbohydrate and protein servings did not comply with standards.
CONCLUSIONS
Texture-modified diets reflect 1/3 of meals produced in RACFs. This study provides insight into TMD use in RACFs and highlights service gaps and training opportunities.
目的
在新西兰，超过35000人居住在养老院中。质地改良饮食（TMDs）很常见。它们与营养不良有关。本研究的目的是描述养老院中TMDs的患病率及应用情况。
方法
从interRAI™数据库中提取了35460名居民的数据。在10所养老院完成了用餐观察（包括459名居民）、膳食审核（IDDSI，2018年）和菜单审核（新西兰营养师2013年养老院菜单审核工具）。
结果
三分之一的居民采用TMDs。一半的居民吃完整的饭菜。与常规饮食的居民相比，TMDs居民接受喂食协助的情况更常见（P<0.001）。大多数泥状膳食符合IDDSI标准；软质和小块膳食均不符合标准。TMDs的碳水化合物和蛋白质份量不符合标准。
结论
质地改良饮食占养老院提供膳食的三分之一。本研究深入了解了养老院中TMDs的使用情况，并突出了服务差距和培训机会。
Zotero 插件