Department of Psychology, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , South Korea.
Cogn Emot. 2019 Dec;33(8):1702-1708. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2019.1591343. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
What three words come to your mind in response to "happiness"? Using a free-association task [cf. Nelson, D. L., McEvoy, C. L., & Dennis, S. (2000). What is free association and what does it measure? , , 887-899], this research finds that the number of social words (e.g. family, love) provided in link to happiness predicts people's actual life satisfaction level. However, this association was significantly moderated by the person's self-perceived financial state. The contingency between holding a socially-oriented belief about happiness and experienced life satisfaction was significant among members of low socioeconomic status (SES), but not among the high SES group. This pattern was replicated across two divergent samples (Asian college students, Study 1; American adults, Study 2), regardless of one's extraversion level (Studies 1, 2) and availability of social support (number of friends, Study 2). Given the overlapping function of money and social relationships (instrumental in promoting survival), believing in the social nature of happiness seems to be more central in the life satisfaction of those with less financial resource.
当你看到“幸福”这个词时，脑海中会浮现哪三个词？本研究通过自由联想任务（参见 Nelson，D.L.，McEvoy，C.L.，& Dennis，S.（2000）。什么是自由联想，它测量什么？，，887-899）发现，与幸福相关的社会词汇（例如家庭、爱情）的数量可以预测人们的实际生活满意度。然而，这种关联受到个人自我感知的财务状况的显著调节。在社会经济地位（SES）较低的群体中，对幸福的社会导向信念与生活满意度之间存在显著的关联，但在 SES 较高的群体中则没有。这一模式在两个不同的样本（亚洲大学生，研究 1；美国成年人，研究 2）中得到了复制，无论一个人的外向程度（研究 1，2）和社会支持的可获得性（朋友数量，研究 2）如何。鉴于金钱和社会关系的功能重叠（在促进生存方面具有工具性），相信幸福的社会性似乎在经济资源较少的人的生活满意度中更为核心。
