Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India.
Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram District, Kerala, 673 635, India.
Aquat Toxicol. 2019 May;210:196-206. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
The engineered carbon nanomaterial, fullerene C, with unique physicochemical properties, released into the aquatic environment is known to formulate high risk factor for the aquatic life. The present study was aimed to investigate fullerene C induced oxidative imbalance in ovary and testis of the freshwater fish, Anabas testudineus. The median lethal concentration (96 h-LC) of fullerene C in Anabas testudineus was 50 mg/ L, and fish exposed to two sublethal concentrations i.e., 5 mg/ L and 10 mg/ L (one-tenth and one-fifth of LC) for short-term (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) and long-term (7, 15, 30 and 60 d) durations. The antioxidant parameters such as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, the levels of hydrogen peroxide generation and lipid peroxidation were analyzed along with histopathological alterations in gonadal tissues. Both sublethal concentrations of fullerene C caused significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, whereas the levels of hydrogen peroxide generation and lipid peroxidation increased significantly (P < 0.05) in gonads. Fullerene exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increased the mucous deposition with significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the weights of gonads and gonado-somatic index. The histopathological analysis showed prominent alterations in testis and ovary of treated fishes when compared to the control groups. After 60 d of sublethal exposure of fullerene C, fish were left in the toxicant-free water for another 60 d, in which the changes in the activities of the gonadal antioxidant enzymes and histological alterations were not completely recovered. Hence, from the present study, it was illustrated that fullerene C caused oxidative imbalance in the gonads, which may possibly affect the reproductive potential of the fish, Anabas testudineus.
具有独特物理化学性质的工程碳纳米材料富勒烯 C 释放到水生环境中，已知会对水生生物构成高风险因素。本研究旨在调查富勒烯 C 对淡水鱼 Anabas testudineus 卵巢和睾丸中氧化失衡的影响。富勒烯 C 在 Anabas testudineus 中的半致死浓度（96 小时 LC）为 50mg/L，鱼类暴露于两个亚致死浓度，即 5mg/L 和 10mg/L（LC 的十分之一和五分之一），暴露时间分别为短期（24、48、72 和 96 小时）和长期（7、15、30 和 60 天）。分析了抗氧化参数，如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性、过氧化氢生成水平和脂质过氧化水平，以及性腺组织的组织病理学改变。富勒烯 C 的两个亚致死浓度均显著（P<0.05）降低了抗氧化酶的活性，而过氧化氢生成水平和脂质过氧化水平显著（P<0.05）增加。富勒烯暴露显著（P<0.05）增加了粘液沉积，并显著（P<0.05）降低了性腺重量和性腺体指数。与对照组相比，处理组鱼类的睾丸和卵巢的组织病理学分析显示出明显的改变。在亚致死暴露富勒烯 C 60 天后，将鱼类放入无毒物的水中再暴露 60 天，性腺抗氧化酶的活性和组织学改变并未完全恢复。因此，从本研究可以看出，富勒烯 C 导致了性腺的氧化失衡，这可能会影响鱼类 Anabas testudineus 的生殖潜力。
