National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 10;668:835-853. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.310. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Hundreds of Oil & Gas Industry structures in the marine environment are approaching decommissioning. In most areas decommissioning operations will need to be supported by environmental assessment and monitoring, potentially over the life of any structures left in place. This requirement will have a considerable cost for industry and the public. Here we review approaches for the assessment of the primary operating environments associated with decommissioning - namely structures, pipelines, cuttings piles, the general seabed environment and the water column - and show that already available marine autonomous systems (MAS) offer a wide range of solutions for this major monitoring challenge. Data of direct relevance to decommissioning can be collected using acoustic, visual, and oceanographic sensors deployed on MAS. We suggest that there is considerable potential for both cost savings and a substantial improvement in the temporal and spatial resolution of environmental monitoring. We summarise the trade-offs between MAS and current conventional approaches to marine environmental monitoring. MAS have the potential to successfully carry out much of the monitoring associated with decommissioning and to offer viable alternatives where a direct match for the conventional approach is not possible.
海洋环境中有数百个石油和天然气工业结构即将退役。在大多数地区，退役作业将需要环境评估和监测的支持，潜在地在任何遗留结构的整个生命周期内都需要监测。这一要求将对行业和公众产生相当大的成本。在这里，我们回顾了评估与退役相关的主要作业环境的方法——即结构、管道、切屑堆、一般海底环境和水柱——并表明已经可用的海洋自主系统（MAS）为这一重大监测挑战提供了广泛的解决方案。可以使用 MAS 上部署的声学、视觉和海洋传感器收集与退役直接相关的数据。我们认为，在成本节约和环境监测的时间和空间分辨率的大幅提高方面都有很大的潜力。我们总结了 MAS 与当前海洋环境监测常规方法之间的权衡。MAS 有可能成功地进行与退役相关的大部分监测，并在无法直接匹配常规方法的情况下提供可行的替代方案。
